Demography of Vietnam

The demography of the Vietnam is characterized by a young and female population, a strong ethnic diversity and a regrouping of the population in the littoral plains, mainly the deltas of the Red Fleuve and the Mekong.

Since the end of the Second world war until 1954, the population grew each year of 1,5%, then of 4% of 1954 with 1960. From 1960 with 1975, the rise was stabilized to 3% before falling down to 2,2% until in the Années 1990. Since then, the annual growth of the population is established to 1%. These high rates were equalized, in the Southeast Asia, only by the other countries of the Indochinese peninsula, the Kampuchea and the Laos. They led to a doubling of the population in 32 years.

They are explained by a constant retreat of mortality since 1945, until reaching the 7 ‰ current - with however of important disparities according to the ethnos groups - and in particular a relatively weak infant mortality compared to the other Asian countries. In parallel, fertility rates and of birthrate were maintained with elevated levels until in the Années 1970, respectively with height of 6 births per woman and 40 ‰. Passed this date, the birthrate underwent a constant fold until reaching the 18 current ‰. Vietnam thus completed her demographic transition.

Structure of the population

Birthrate

Mortality

Migration and cultural composition

Ethnic distribution

The population Vietnamese mainly made up of Viêt, is officially called Kinh (86%), and of 53 minority Ethnie S, mainly represented in the mountains of North (30 to 40% of the population) or in the provinces of CAD Bang, Hà Giang, Long Sound, Lai Chau and its. Pami these ethnos groups, four count more than one million representatives (Thai Tày, , Khmer Muong and ), thirteen count from 100.000 to 900.000 representatives and 36 count some less than 100.000. Some count only a few hundreds of representatives, like Brâun, approximately 300.

The populations of austroasiatic Langues are largely majority. They speak about the languages about the group of the Langues Vietnamese soldier-muong (Vietnamese soldier, Muong, chut and thô) and the Khmer .

One also finds Langues miao-yao (three ethnos groups accounting for 1,5 million people).

There are also Langues tai-kadai (12 ethnos groups representing 4 million people).

Lastly, the Langues austronésiennes are spoken by 830.000 individuals divided into 5 groups: Jarai (317 000 individuals), Êdê (270 000 individuals) and Cham (100 000 individuals), heirs to the Kingdom of Champâ.

The ethnos groups of Langues sino-Tibetans include/understand nine ethnos groups for a million individuals, including 800.000 Hoa, Chinese of Vietnam.

See also: List of the ethnicities of Vietnam

Other social indicators

Sources

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