Demchugdongrub

Prince Demchugdongrub (February 8th, 1902 - May 23rd, 1966) was the chief of the movement of independence in Inner Mongolia. Its Chinese name is Xixian (希賢).

It is an interesting and discussed character. Some see in him a Mongolian nationalist in favor of the Side-mongolism. Others regard it a traitor and as a pawn between the hands of Japanese during the Second world war

Names

• * De Noyan in Mongolian
• * De Wang (德王) in Chinois
• * Certain Mongols called it Prince Wang Of (德王爺)
• * In the Chinese documents its name is Demuchukedonglupu (德穆楚克棟魯普)

Origins

Born in the Banner from the Ordinary White (正白旗) in the province of Chahar, Demchugdongrub was the only son of Namuzilewangchuke (那木濟勒旺楚克), the chief of the league of Xilin Gol (锡林郭勒盟 Xīlínguōlè méng) and Prince Préfet of the banner of right-hand side of Known' nile (蘇尼特右旗札薩克多羅杜棱郡王).

After the death of Namuzilewangchuke in 1908, Demchugdongrub, six years old, with the approval of the Qing empire, inherited the titles of his/her father. Demchugdongrub studied Mongolian, Chinese and mandchou. After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Yuan Shikai, in 1912, changed the title of Demchugdongrub into Jinong of Zhasakeheshiduling. Demchugdongrub was named member of the Provincial Committee of Chahar in 1929. In 1931, with died Yang Cang (楊桑), he inherited the title of his father of chief of the League of Xilin Gol.

Collaboration with the Japanese

In February 1936, the Japanese, in the name of Manchukuo established the State Major Mongolian Militaire (蒙古軍總司令部) with Demchugdongrub at its head and the Yamauchi Japanese like advising. The goal of this organization was to reform Mongolia with all its territories to perpetrate the line of the Mongols, inherited Gengis Khan.

December 8th, 1937, Mongolian Prince De Wang (Demchugdongrub) declared the independence of the Inner Mongolia as Mengjiang or Mengkukuo and signed agreements with the Manchukuo and the Japan. The capital was established in Chan Pei, close to Kalgan (currently Zhangjiakou), with a control of the puppet government which extended on the surroundings from Hohhot. The capital was moved later.

After Mengjiang-Manchukuo alliance, Puyi decreed the title of Jinong of Wude (武德) with Demchugdongrub.

August 4th, 1941, Mengjiang was again renamed of Autonomous Federation of Mongolia (menggu zizhi bang 蒙古自治邦). Although created to channel Mongolian nationalism and to support the Japanese ambitions, this objective was sapped at the base because the Japanese drew the borders of Mengjiang so that it was a populated state with 80% by Chinese Han.

The state of Mengjiang disappeared in 1945, after the defeat of the Japan

Fall

After the Second world war, and the collapse of the Federation, Demchugdongrub lived with Beijing under the protection of the Guomindang. When the Chinese Communist party controlled the worldwide, Demchugdongrub managed to reach the oriental party of the Inner Mongolia and to establish a Self government in August 1949. In December 1949, pushed by the popular Armed with release, it had to take refuge in external Mongolia. Accommodated initially well, it was captured in February 1950 then off-set in China in September when it was shown of treason. Placed under high surveillance, he wrote his memories and was grâcié thirteen years later. Until its death in 1966 with Hohhot, he worked with the museum of history of Inner Mongolia.

External bonds

photograph of Demchugdongrub

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