Degenerated art
degenerated Art (of German: entartete Kunst ) was the official platform adopted by the Nazi regime to prohibit the modern art in favor of a Official art: heroic art.
The theory was the following one: heroic art symbolized pure racial art, the release of the deformation and corruption, whereas the modern models deviated of the prescribed standard of the traditional beauty. The artists of pure races produced pure racial art, and the modern artists of a lower racial constraint produced work which was degenerated. Ironically, the theory started with max Nordau, a Jewish intellectual. In the adaptation Nazi it was employed to defend the sights of a cultural theory of decline and racism.
Among the hundreds of artists stigmatized as producers with a degenerated art :
- Ernst Barlach
- Willi Baumeister
- max Beckmann
- Marc Chagall
- Otto Ten
- max Ernst
- Conrad Felixmüller
- Otto Freundlich
- Otto Griebel
- George Grosz
- Hans Grundig
- Richard Haizmann
- Erich Heckel
- Eugen Hoffmann
- Wassily Kandinsky
- Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
- Paul Klee
- Paul Kleinschmidt
- Oskar Kokoschka
- Rolf Kurth
- Julo Levin (which will die in Auschwitz)
- max Liebermann
- Franz Marc
- Ludwig Meidner
- Jean Metzinger
- Paula Modersohn-Becker
- Johannes Molzahn
- Wilhelm Morgner
- Gabriele Münter
- Edvard Munch
- Hanna Nagel
- Emil Nolde
- Felix Nussbaum
- max Pechstein
- Franz Radziwill
- Emy Roeder
- Oskar Schlemmer
- Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
- Kurt Schwitters
- Friedrich Skade
- Christoph Flight
Styles:
- Dadaism
- Cubism
- Expressionnisme
- Fauvisme
- Impressionism
- Surrealism
The term of degenerated art is then wide beyond the visual arts: music (Schönberg, Bartok, for example, but also the music swing), literature or the cinema (max Ophüls, Fritz Lang, Billy Wilder)
This expression was taken again in 2007 by the cardinal Joachim Meisner in connection with art cutting religion. This assertion made object of a polemic in Germany.
See too
- Official art
- List of the type-setters persecuted during the Nazism
External bonds
- historical Presentation of degenerated art
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