The deer are Mammifère S, Artiodactyle S Ruminant S, of the family of the Cervidé S.

In fact deer tribe of intermediate size (length 130-150 cm, height with the garrot 110 cm) can reach 100  kg. They carry flat wood, have a dress in general mottled of white (but sometimes brown or black) and their escutcheon (spot on the glutei) is black and white. The female, called floor , does not have wood.

They are originating in the east of the Mediterranean basin and North Africa but were established as of Antiquity in all the Mediterranean circumference. The deer is for a very long time an animal of ornament. The large one of the current wild populations is in Central Europe and results from lâchers carried out with the Moyen-âge.

The traditional Biotope of the deer is the clear Forêt of Feuillu S. the males are solitary and join the females only at the time of the rut which takes place in October - November. Gestation is 8 months. Wood reach their greater development in September and fall in May.

A close species ( Rammed mesopotamica ) a little larger was insulated in the forests from the the Middle East in the south from the Iran and in Iraq.

With the the Middle East, the deer constituted an important source of meat for the populations Paléolithique S of Kebarien (17  000 - 10  000 front J. - C.) whereas with the Natoufien (Épipaléolithique) they had regressed already considerably.