Day of Dupes
The Day of Dupes indicates one day famous of the political history of France, the November 10th 1630, during which the king of France Louis XIII, against any waiting, reiterates his confidence with his minister Richelieu, eliminates its political adversaries and constrained the queen-mother Marie de Médicis with the exile.
Context
After having reduced the independence of the Huguenot S French the cardinal of Richelieu wants to be combined to the German Protestants to fight against the catholic Habsbourg. That displeases with the devout party court carried out by the queen-mother Marie de Médicis and Gaston of Orleans, younger brother of the king Louis XIII.
Interventions
The devout party initially manages to convince the king to be combined with the catholic Habsbourg. Marie de Médicis and Gaston of Orleans tears off with sick Louis XIII the promise to relieve its minister, the cardinal of Richelieu: this promise must be carried out on November 10th, 1630 1. They close the doors of the Palais of Luxembourg but Richelieu manages to be made open an hidden door and pleads its cause near the king. It regains its confidence and decides it to deliver its enemies to him. Richelieu, nonglad to have thus deceived its adversaries, is avenged soon for them with rigor.
Louis XIII turns the heels and from goes away to Versailles. The courtiers believe in the victory of the queen and incline themselves in front of it. But Richelieu is in fact renewed in its functions of Prime Minister and exiled Marie de Médicis. Guillaume Bautru, count of Tightening, then pronounces a sentence promised with the posterity: “ It is the Day of Dupes! ”
To note that the date even this famous day is not fixed with certainty. Contemporaries, Goulas, Bassompierre and Richelieu in particular, date with precision the event from the Sunday, November 10, 1630, takes care of the Saint Martin's day, others, like Hay of Châtelet or Gaston of Orleans fixes it at the day of the Saint Martin's day, i.e. at November 11th, 1630 1. However, the letters of Richelieu the 10 and from the 12 involve the adoption of the date of the 10.
Partial source
Georges Mongrédien, November 10th, 1630: The Day of Dupes, Gallimard, coll “Thirty Days which made France”, N.R.F., Paris, 1961.
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