David Ier of Scotland

See also: David Ier

David Ier , also known under the name Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim (1084 - May 24th 1153), reigned on the Scotland of 1124 at 1153.

The last wire of Malcolm III of Scotland and the Anglo-Saxon princess Marguerite, it is informed in England. At the beginning of its reign, it introduces the Norman feudal system in Scotland. It gives to the Norman ones (Bruce, FitzAlan, Comyn) of the grounds and titles in Scotland and return, it expects that its knights fight for him. These Norman had all to be able on the local population.

In 1107 with died of his/her brother, the king Edgard I {{er}}, it becomes Earl or Prince of Cumbria western southern area of Scotland while his/her older brother Alexandre I {{er}} becomes king.

In 1113, it marries Mathilde or Maud, girl of Waltheof, Saxon count de Northumbrie carried out in 1076, and widow of Simon Ier of St Lyz († 1111) Count de Northampton and of Huntingdon. He thus becomes count de Northampton and of Huntingdon in right of his wife.

In April 1124 it succeeds his/her brother Alexandre I {{er}} on the whole of Scotland.

In 1130, its army ordered by the constable Edward wire of Earl Siward crushes the revolt of the men of Moray of which the " roi" Angus mac Aedh falls with 4.000 combatants to the Bataille from Strathcathro (county of Forfar) in the Highlands.

In 1135 after the death of the king Henri I of England it takes the party of his/her niece Mathilde against the usurper Etienne of Blois in the conflict which opposes these deux-là. In January 1136, during the first months of the reign of Etienne, David crosses the border and reaches Durham. It took Carlisle, Wark, Alnwick, Norham and the Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

The February 5th 1136, Etienne reaches Durham with an imposing troop Flemish mercenaries, and David is obliged of parlementer. Etienne recovered Wark, Alnwick, Norham and Newcastle, and let David Ier preserve Carlisle and Doncaster, by hoping that it would be more honest towards him in the future. With Carlisle most of Cumberland went, as well as the honors of Lancashire.

The English king asked the Scottish king to make him Serment of allegiance, but this last answers that he had already sworn it with their cousin Mathilde Emperesse - heiress designated by the king Henri I {{er}}, but whose Etienne had usurped the throne. In order to satisfy it, David Ier asks his young person wire Henry, to lend oath, and this last receives the county of Huntingdon (the county of Northampton included) - which was held up to that point by his/her father - in reward.

In 1138, David repeats in his conquest of the English grounds at the request of Mathilde. It is overcome with the Bataille of the Standard in Cowton Moor close to Northallerton by Thurstan archbishop of York.

This defeat leads in 1139 to the second treaty of Durham. His/her Henry son obtains the title of Count de Northumberland.

His/her Henry son dies in 1152. David Ier dies in Carlisle the May 24th 1153 and is buried with the abbey of Dunfermline. He will have like successor elder his grandsons Malcolm IV.

Family and descent

In 1113 it marries Maud (see higher). They will have several children dont :

Malcolm died in childhood;
Henry de Northumberland, dead on June 12th, 1152 ;
Claricia ;
Hodierna.

Simple: David I off Scotland

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