Dasht-e Kavir

Dasht-e Kavir دشتكوير , also known under the name of Kavir-e Namak or Grand desert salted is a large desert in the middle of the Iranian plate. It is approximately 800 km long and 320 km broad. The surface of this desert of extends since the mountainous chain of the Elbourz to the North-West until the Dasht-e Lut (“Deserted of the vacuum”) to south-east and is distributed between the Iranian provinces Khorasan, of Semnan, Isfahan and Yazd. Its name is derived from the salted marshes (kavirs) which exist in this area.

Climate and structure

The climate of Dasht-e-Kavir is very arid and precipitations almost do not exist. The temperatures can reach 50 °C in summer, and the average temperature in January is of 22 °C. The temperatures during the day and the night can know a thermal amplitude of 60 °C. The rain generally falls in winter.

The ground of the desert is covered with sand and rubbles; there exist salted Marais, Lac S and Wadi S. the very hot temperatures cause a strong evaporation, which leaves many blocks of salt dried in the marshes and the muddy zones. Strong storms frequently take place and they can raise sand up to 40 m of altitude. Certain parts of Dasht-e-Kavir resemble more a Steppe.

Wild life

The vegetation of Dasht-e-Kavir is adapted to the hot and arid climate as well as on the saline ground in which it pushes. The common species of plants like Shrub X and Herbe S can only be found in certain valleys and at the top of the mountains. The most widespread plant is the Armoise commune.

The Iranian Corvidé of kind Podoces is a species of live bird in certain parts of the desert plates, just as the Outardes will houbara, of the Alaudidae and the Ptéroclididés.

Gazelle S Persians live in certain parts of the steppe and the desert of the central plate. Moufflon S, Goat S savages and the leopard S are common in the mountainous regions. The life pleasing nocture of the wildcats, the wolf S, the Fox S and others carnivorous S. In certain parts of the desert, one can still see Asian Guépard S. The Lizard S and the Serpent S are common in various areas of the central plate.

Agriculture

Extreme heat and the many storms in Dasht-e-Kavir cause an extensive erosion, which makes almost impossible the culture of the ground. The desert is in major part uninhabited and knows few farms. The breeding of Camel X and Sheep S, as well as agriculture are the sources of revenue of few people living in the desert. The human installations are limited to some Oasis, where a habitat making it possible to protect itself from the wind was designed in order to support the hard living conditions. For their requirements out of water, the inhabitants of the desert created there is millenia a system called Qanat . Those are always used today, and the current water delivery systems are based on their techniques.

Characteristics

In the center of the desert is Kavir Bozorg (Large Kavir), which makes approximately 320 km of length and 160 km broad. At the west a salted lake called is located Darya-ye Namak (1800 km ²). It contains large salt plates which have the shapes of mosaics. This salted lake belongs to a protected ecological zone, the Kavir National park. One of the sorriest places of the desert is the Rig-e Jenn.

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