Dark Ages of the island of Brittany

This article lists the kingdoms for purposes of a outline of gate

End of the Roman epoch

407 : The Roman troops push back attempts at unloading of the Germanic people which have just invaded Gaulle and proclaim emperor their Marcus generals, then Gratien, then Constantin III. This one transfers its troops as a Gaulle and leaves the island without defenders.
after 407, dismantled Brittany of troops, engages of the Anglo-Saxon professional warriors in order to organize his defense against the attacks of the Vikings, then called Saxons , of the Pictes, and the Scots (Irish).
In 428 Vortigern is elected president of the council in London. It will invite the Anglo-Saxons officially. Later it will be believed king of Breton the . He will resign towards 450.
Into 429, Saint Germain of Auxerre will fight to Brittany against the Pélagianisme and supposedly helps the Breton ones to fight against the invaders, whereas actually it is about a civil war. A political cleavage (pro-Roman in the west and it left independent in the east) divides the high society Bretonne.Les lords of the east of Brittany use their new armies deprived to increase their personal capacity. Meanwhile, the Anglo-Saxons are integrated in the Bretonne high society of the east of the island.

The sources over this period are rare and sometimes legendary. The resistance of Breton is allotted to various characters: Ambrosius Aurelianus between 460 and 480, which leads refugees in Armorique, Vortigern, king towards 425 or 450. In the invaded zones the romanisation and the first christianization disappear from the island. From this turbid time will be born the legend from the king Arthur.

Adventus Saxonum (arrived of Saxon)

Starting from the middle of the 5th century (± 441), new hoop nets terrorize the island. A popular revolt bursts. Of the Irishmen raids carried out on the west coast of Brittany (it is besides on this occasion that holy Patrick who was Breton was captured). Pictes go down towards the south by plundering the area from York. The east coasts are the victim of the Scandinavians. Sometimes these invaders binds with the local insurrectionists.

The Anglo-Saxon troops with the service of the local lords were initially submerged. But gradually they will restore the authority of the great landowners. After the events, is of the United Kingdom will reorganize in military provinces with at their head a Dux elected, a military governor. Hengest is named dux province of Kent. It is of these military provinces that will be born one century later the first kingdoms known as Anglo-Saxon.

Those which are called truths Bretons , the Welsh, the population gallicante of the west of the island is detached from London . They will maintain their independence for a long time (at least a century), but will end gradually up being invaded and annexed by the east Anglo-Saxon.

Scots: of the Irishmen who invade Scotland

It is also for this period that Celts come from Ireland, the Scots were established in the North-East of the island of Brittany. They gave thereafter their name to the Calédonie which became the Scotland. That explains, after the 7th century, the presence in the island of Celtic groups which were not included/understood (Saint Colomban): ones speaking a brittonic Language, others speaking a Language Gaelic.

Germanic invasions

500 :

Battle of the Mount Badonicus between the Breton ones and the Saxon ones. Victoire of the Breton .

Battle of Dyrham Anglo-Saxon victory, which cuts the Breton ones of the Devon and Cornouailles their compatriots of Wales

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Article

(abstract)

Though the use of the term dark ages is challenged recently to describe to become to it island of Brittany after the Roman era, its description requires a separate article.

Also, this article claims to disentangle the historiographic sources of the legendary sources during the time former to the unification of the regional capacities under the aegis of Alfred Large the, first stage before the appearance of a the United Kingdom by the Scotland and crowns of England (XIIIe).

Precisely there treat transition between the Brittany as integrated into the Roman Empire into 400 and the gradual formation from the England, without disregarding ground remained gaelic during this moment.

The chronology being gradually lost like the Roman era on these grounds, of the legends of resistance appeared in the two qualified kingdoms of Welsh: the future Wales and the Kingdom of Cornouailles.

Started in 410 whereas the Roman fleet of the English Channel is still in operations, the invasion or the colonization of the people coming from the peninsula of Jutland (Jutes, Angles, Saxons) becomes irreversible after the Bataille of the Mount Badonicus to the turning of the century. This arrival leads to the competition of the Heptarchie, which is regarded as accomplished in 590; the island of Brittany east then in isolation until the advent of the age of the Vikings, which prolongs the episode of the Royaume Viking of York by a Danish conquest countered at the time thirty years of the reign of Alfred Large the.

Potentates of Ve century

The insulation of the continent brings to a local evolution in isolation. The first kingdoms making following the incursion tribes pictes on the grounds of the Bretons islanders after the departure of the Romans, who meet Anglo-Saxons vis-a-vis them, are extremely transitory and require a census with share.

The pictes ebb in Old North

Arrival of Scots of Hivernie.

August 1st

Until 843.

Anglo-Saxon hegemony

historical Process being held over three centuries, at the very least. It acts more than one internal competition with the newcomers, once the defeat of the Celts autochtones consumed a long time after the Bataille of the Mount Badonicus, whose account rests on chronic militant. One of the first kings of Wessex marks the difference by its experiment in the Carolingian armies.

This period is quite as vague as that of the Celts, since reported by the ecclesiastical chronicle of Bède the Worthy one, which takes party for its Saxon kings.

The Celts of the island remember Roman times

the Celtic Légendes of resistance (gesture of a Roman general being opposed to the external aggressions on behalf of the Breton islanders) then were taken again and amplified with the Ireland and the continental Brittany in XIe century, whereas the Norman ones completed the conquest of England. The Breton ones being out of ground of Armorique, become aware of their identity whereas they with the catches with the Norman ones are installed into Low-Neustrie by the kings in Paris, are connected then to the Welsh come them from Ireland before. The final loss of the Celtic heritage was then perceptible at the time of these tumultuous times. This doubled nostalgia of identity claims developed in the Welsh Littérature.

the retrospective perception of an sudden appearance of the Germanic Civilization in the Celtic Civilization, whereas the aforementioned Britto-Romans consent only three centuries since the Roman conquest of the insular province to acquire the Latin Culture, is also the factor of a fold per rejection on the Celtic culture, at one moment when the druidism almost disappeared from the continent.

Posterity

Mingling legend and history with abundance, the period is particularly returned in the video games.

an example: Old Dark off Street pedlar ()

See too

(in English) Anglo-Saxons and English

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