Damavand mount

The mount Damāvand دماوند|Damāvand or Demavend is the semi-active volcanic top highest of the Iran, which culminates with 5 671 m, located in the chain of the Elbourz, with 66 kilometers north-eastern of Teheran. The mountain is also known under the name of Donbavand . The top is located near the southern part of the Caspian Sea, in the department of Amol, province of the Mazandaran. The city nearest is Rineh, in the south of the mountain.

History

In spite of the place which Damāvand occupies in Iranian mythology, he was forgotten in the charts and was not mentioned by the Western travellers like Chardin or Pietro della Valle. The historians and geographers often wrote in connection with the first rises, like that of Abu Dolaf Kasraji into approximately 905 or that of Yaqut 3 centuries later.

Place de la mountain in the Iranian culture

The Damāvand mount has a particular place in the Iranian Mythologie. In texts and more generally mythology zoroastrienne, the dragon with three heads Aži Dahāka was connected with the Damāvand mount, condemned to remain there until the end of the world. In a later version of the same legend, the tyrant Zahhāk was also connected in a cave of the Damāvand mount after being beaten by Kāveh and Fereydūn.

In the Šahnâmeh, the mountain would have magic capacities.

In poetry and the Iranian Literature, Damāvand is the symbol of resistance to the foreign sovereigns. Mohammad Taqī Bahār for example wrote famous a Qasideh called Damāvand :

ایدیوسپیدپایدربند
Ay dīve sepīde pāī dar band,
white Oh demon with the blocked feet
ایگنبدگیتیایدماوند
Ay gonbade gītī, ay Damāvand
celestial Oh dome, Oh Damāvand | Mohammad Taqī Bahār | Original text into Persan

The rise

There are at least sixteen known routes. Most popular is the southern way, which has a camp with semi-course at an altitude of 4000 Mr. the longest rise is that by the North-East. Two days are necessary to gain the top starting from the village of Nāndal while spending one night with the refuge of Takht-e Fereydoun (4300 m). The western way is famous for the sights that it allows laying down sun. This way has another refuge on two floors built recently, called Sīmorgh.

Gallery

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