Düsum Khyenpa

Düsum Khyenpa (1110 - 1193) is for the Buddhist the first Karmapa .

Düsum Khyenpa was born in the village from Ratag in the East from the Tibet. His/her mother was called Gangtcham Mingdren. His/her father, Gompa Dordjé Gon, were a Buddhist practitioner and it accepted from him lesson of Dharma, just as several other professors. Thus, Düsum Khyenpa studied and practiced Buddhism at an early age, and it takes its wishes at 16 years. At the 20 years age, he travelled to the central Tibet where he studied intensely during 12 years with many scholars such as Kyabpa Chökyi Senge and Patsab Lotsawa Nyima Trag. To the 30 years age, it went to Daklha Gampo (the monastery of Gampopa) to meet Gampopa and accepted from him the lesson Kagyupa during 3 years. Gampopa considered that it had carried out a prophecy of the Buddha Sakyamuni announcing that 16 centuries after its death a being would carry out its lesson fully and would be known like Karmapa , “being of Karma”. Gampopa, LAMA Sakya Sribhadra (1127 - 1225) (last abbot of the Vikramasila college) and LAMA Chang (1123 - 1193) recognized Dusum Khyenpa like 1st Karmapa. Although this was a meeting historical between two large Bodhisattva S which emanated on the ground with an important goal, Gampopa made nevertheless involve Düsum Khyenpa in the practices founders of the tradition Kadampa, and, then, in the general philosophy of will sutras. This is a founder example for all the disciples Kagyupa to come, and shows the need for a correct base of knowledge necessary to the development of the practices most powerful Vajrayana.

1st Karmapa accepted licenses and instructions in Hevajra will tantra and spent 4 years in strict retirement, where it was involved in the aspects of pacified stabilization (samatha) and the penetrating vision (vipasyana) of the meditation. It then accepted the full transmission of the instructions interiors of the tradition Kagyupa. In 9 days, it integrated what Naropa had received from Tilopa in 12 years. Rechungpa, the disciple " similar with the lune" of Milarepa the instruisut also, mainly in six yogas of Naropa. Its achievements in the car-tummo, the way of internal heat, were particularly exaltées by its own natural compassion and produced fast results. In accordance with the instructions of its Master, it left then to meditate.

To died of Gampopa, 1st Karmapa turned over to Daklha Gampo to honor its remainders there. It had a powerful vision of its Master, and it knew that it was time to achieve one of his final instructions: to go to the place where it would achieve the illumination (Kampo Kangra), and to practice the Mahamoudra there. He promised that he would live until the 84 years age, to be beneficial with the dharma. He reaches the illumination as a practitioner the yoga of the dream, at the 50 years age. He had a vision at this time celestial beings (Dakini S) which offered a crown to him will vajra woven starting from their hair. Its name Düsum Khyenpa means expert of the past, the present and the future, in reference to the total clearness to which he arrived at the time of his illumination, which made known to him of the three modes of time, and of the " time intemporel" enlightened conscience.

From this moment there, its activity of teaching was intense. At 58 years, it founded a monastery with Kampo Nénang. Later, it establishes an important seat with Karma Gön, in the east of Tibet. In the valley of Tolung, which is nourished in the Brahmapoutra, in the center of the Tibet, it founded in 1159 the monsatère of Tsourphou of which it will make its principal seat in 1189. It is interesting to notice, in the light of the letter of prediction of 16th Karmapa, that the abbot of the Buddhist monastery with Bodh-Gaya, in India, the endoit where the Buddha reaches the illumination, sent a shell of conch to Düsum Khyenpa with Tsourphou, in sign of the importance of Düsum Khyenpa for the dharma. This symbolic system of the shell of conch is found in many stories of 16 Karmapas.

1st Karmapa made predictions in connection with the Karmapas futures. In particular, it was 1st Karmapa to present a letter predictions where it gave details on its future incarnation. It gave it to its principal disciple, Drogon Rechen, predecessor of the line of the Taï Sitou Rinpoché (they were called Taï Sitou only after this title had been conferred to them by the emperor of China at the beginning of the 15th century). It passed at the 84 years age, as it had predicted. Its heart was found intact in roughing-hew it funerary and of the bones which remained aspects of the Buddhas carried. The similarities with the passage of sixteenth Karmapa are remarkable.

Among its principal disciples:

Drogön Rechen became the holder of the line.
LAMA Khadampa Deshek, founder of the line Kato
Tcheupa Djigten Soumgueun, founder of the line Drikung Kagyu
Taklung Tangpa or Tangpa Tchenpo, founder of the line Taklung Kagyu
Gyelwa Ling Repa, founder of the line Drukpa
Tsangpa Gyare (1161-1211), founder of the Tsangpa line or Drukpa Kagyu (largely widespread in Bhutan nowadays). This line became the line " haute" school Drukpa.

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