Cryptosporidium
The Cryptosporidie S are Protozoaire S, unicellular parasites pathogenic for the Man of the Cryptosporidium , of the Apicomplexa , able to cause Diarrhée S called Cryptosporidiose S at several species of vertebrate of which the man. They can also cause severe diseases, of which Pancréatite S. In the immunodéprimés children and adults infected by HIV, it causes a secondary malnutrition being able to be mortal.
Characteristics
- Becomes inactive by congelation (- 22 ºC during 10 days or more) or by heat (65 ºC during 2 minutes or more).
- They quickly develop by selection a resistance in the majority of disinfecting. The chlorination of the water of consumption or the water of the swimming pools is not sufficient to destroy this parasite.
- It can be destroyed by the ultraviolet light, ozonization and an aqueous sterilization.
The first case was discovered in 1976 and the cryptosporidiose is currently regarded as an main issue of public health to the USA and daN the countries in the process of development, respectively causing 2 and 6% of the serious cases of diarrheas.
In the mouse and in laboratory, the Interleukine I2 (IL-12) seems to have a protective role, as it have tale of other unicellular parasites of it the such leishmanie, the toxoplasme and a Plasmodie ()
The Génome of the Cryptosporidium parvum was sequence in 2004 and was to be unusual among the Eucaryote S. Indeed, Cryptosporidium do not contain a Mitochondrie S but has in the place an organoid discovered recently and called Mitosome since 1999. This one not having a DNA mitochondrial, its components can originate in only the nuclear DNA.
Species infecting the man
- Cryptosporidium parvum
- Cryptosporidium hominis (or C. parvum genotype 1)
- Cryptosporidium canis
- Cryptosporidium felis
- matured Cryptosporidium meleagridis
- Cryptosporidium