Creteil

Creteil is a Ville of the south-eastern suburbs of Paris, Préfecture of the department French of the the Valley-of-Marne, in the area Île-de-France. The city is moreover the seat of a évêché catholic since 1966 and of a academy since 1972. It has four flowers with the Concours of the cities and villages flowered (Grand Prix) since 1984. Its inhabitants is the Cristoliens . Since 1977, the mayor of Creteil east Laurent Cathala (PS).

Geography

Creteil is a city of the south-eastern suburbs of Paris. It is sprinkled by the Marne which carries out its last loop before the junction with the the Seine with Charenton-the-Bridge. The zone of alluvial plain is eroded by the action of the Marne and the Seine. Only vestige of the tertiary sector: the Mount-Mesly, culminating point of the commune to 74 meters of altitude. Important risings of the Marne marked the history of the commune in particular in 1658, 1740, 1802, 1817, 1837, 1840, 1841, 1892, 1896, 1910, 1919, 1920, 1924, 1930, 1944, 1955, 1959 and 1970. Risings of the Seine were also important in 1830 and 1910 in particular. In waiting of raw the centenary which could cause extensive damage, the city obtained an urban artificial lake of approximately 40 hectares located at the south-west of the commune: the Lake Creteil. It is about an old career reconverted in lake in the middle of the Années 1970.

The communes bordering are Houses-Alfort, Saint-Maur-of-Ditches, Bonneuil-sur-Marne, Limeil-Brévannes, Valenton, Choisy-the-King and Alfortville.

History

Prehistory

Some rare Silex of the Paléolithique is still put at the day at the beginning of the 20th century on the communal territory. The Neolithic left more traces the such polishing machine which makes the prehistoric pride of Creteil. This block of more than two tons was used for sharpening of the stones. At least two Neolithic axes were also discovered in the zone of the Mount-Mesly. One of them (jadeite axe) is exposed to the Musée of the National antiquities with Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer. By dredging the Seine at the 19th century, several weapons of the Bronze Age were discovered. They are exposed to the British Museum London.

Antiquity

Camille Jullian posed at the beginning of the 20th century the assumption of a Gallo-Roman field with Mesly. The archaeological elements are however rare. The discovery of remains and currencies at the end of the 20th century however support the assumption of Jullian.

The first hard copies referring to Creteil go back to the Mérovingiens: Vicus Cristolium . This toponym is formed of the prefix crist and the radical Olium . These two terms are Gallic: “clearing” for crist and “peak” for Olium . The “clearing” of the “peak” of the Mount-Mesly is as of before the romanisation on the road connecting Paris and Sens (Trunk road 19 today).

A more traditional etymology was than the word crist would be reported to Jesus Christ, who had with the early christianization of Creteil and the veneration of holy Agoard and Saint Aglibert, martyrs about the year 400 after Jesus Christ. This hagiographic legend is disputed today by the historians who qualify it “incoherent assembly”. The existence of a church in Creteil appears however possible as of the 5th century.

The Middle Ages

Sarcophagi mérovingiens and currencies are discovered, on several occasions, since the 19th century. The presence of a monetary workshop is even attested with the river port of Creteil.

An act of 1150 teaches us that the stronghold of the Wick belongs to collegial of Saint-Germain-the Auxerrois while an act of 1178 specifies that the stronghold of Mesly depended on the abbey of Saint-Maur-of-Ditches.

At the architectural level, the bell-tower of the church Saint-Christophe seems to date from the 11th century while the remainder of the church dates from the 13th century. The Colombier is built at the 14th century. The medieval village seems to be developed inside a solid rampart with the crossing of five roads. The Urbanisation was done along these five axes giving to the Village the shape of a star with five branches. Creteil east above all then a road borough, benefitting the maximum of its geographical position to the crossing of road axes and at the edge of a River. Towards 1390, the bored rampart of four doors is always in place and the village counts an about sixty Maison S.

The weather conditions are very bad between April 1315 and April 1316. Rain and cold in spring 1315 prevent the harvest S from maturing followed by one rigorous and long winter from December to Easter 1316. The vines of the Mount-Mesly are destroyed. Large a Famine Creteil striking as the remainder of the kingdom of France.

In 1406, the toponym of Creteil makes its appearance after successive deformations in Cristoill (1278), Cristeuil , Cresteul then Creteuil .

The Guerre One hundred Year old is particularly harmful for Creteil. In 1418, the village under anglo-Burgundian occupation is put at bag and left in ruins. Even the nave of the church crumbles. The end of the century also knows disorders with the passage of the troops of the princes of the League of the Public property (1465). But Creteil bandages its wounds and a hospital, the Hospital of Creteil, opens its doors in 1471.

16th century

Creteil always consists of ecclesiastical strongholds, and in 1548 the bishop of Paris Jean of Bellay becomes the new lord of Creteil.

In 1567, at the time of the wars of religion, the Huguenot S plunder the church and burn the local charters. The village then counts mainly plowmen and vine growers, but also of the carpenters, masons, one marshal-shoeing, a baker and hotel. One also notes the presence of “Parisian” owners of houses or grounds in Creteil. They are mainly merchants and officers of the Parliament.

17th century

In 1602, the king Henry IV makes a halt in Creteil and is restored in the inn of the village. The beginning of the century is also marked by the installation of the large bell of the baptized church Henrye (1607).

The winter 1614 - 1615 is long and rigorous with abundant snowfalls, higher than a man. The vines of the Mount-Mesly are destroyed as certain houses which crumble under the weight of snow. New natural disaster in 1658 with important believed of the the Marne. In order to help the disaster victims, the church sets up a structure of assistance. The existence of the Compagnie of the Charity of the poor of the parish is attested in 1646.

New disorders in 1648 and 1652 with the Sling and the evacuation of the inhabitants of Creteil. These events do not prevent the systematic introduction of the stone quarries as of 1646. Starting from 1652, they are the stone quarries with plaster of the Mount-Mesly which are put in systematic exploitation. Another symbol of the dynamism cristolien, a second mill with flour, the “new mill”, is inaugurated downstream from the old mill in 1684.

18th century

The end of the reign of Louis XIV is marked by large a food shortage concerning the whole of France because one period of great cold (1709). One records 69 deaths in Creteil. In this beginning of the 18th century, one notes the construction of the first middle-class houses the “Parisian ones”, but the village preserves its agricultural character with the presence of 36 vine growers, 24 manouvriers, 8 plowmen, 7 merchants, 6 innkeeper-hotel, 2 marshal-shoeing, 2 carters, 2 cartwrights, 2 carpenters, 2 stone masons, 2 butchers, 1 baker, 1 porkbutcher, 1 grocer, 1 surgeon, 1 metal worker, 1 Tisserand, 1 stone sawyer, 1 harness-maker, 1 tobacconist, 1 egg cup and 1 gardener in 1745.

The registers of grievances written in Creteil in 1789 count 15 articles and the December 14th 1789, Creteil becomes a commune. The first mayor is Louis Simon Piot (1746 - 1822), butcher of his state. He assists, with all the authorities of the department, with the passage of ashes of Voltaire which make halt in Creteil the July 10th 1791.

19th century

In 1805, the Serurier marshal, familiar of the emperor, buys a large house in the east of the commune. Cristoliens then call this house the “Châteu of Creteil”. But the imperial adventure turns short and in 1814, Creteil east taken by the Russian troops. Many requisitions in the commune.

Etienne of Jolly, former minister is Maire of Creteil, in 1815, but in spring of this same year, it leaves this post office with the news of the return of the Empereur Napoleon. Etienne of Jolly is again Maire of Creteil of 1819 to 1831.

The climatic risks remain in the memories as this hurricane which tears off the roof of the church in 1806. The risings of the Marne are also many and important throughout the century (1802, 1817, 1837, 1840, 1841, 1892, 1896). Not overcome yet on the level of its flow, the Marne however is tamed with the construction of a bridge. The Bridge of Creteil which spans the Marne between Creteil and Saint-Maur-of-Ditches is inaugurated the April 9th 1841. It replaces the ancestral system of vat.

The exploitation of the careers modifies the composition of the population cristolienne, from now on dominated by the number of workmen working in these careers. They are 163 to reside at Creteil in 1820. Another economic evolution with the transformation of the old mill with flour into cotton-spinning as of 1804. A factory of manure settles in Creteil in 1851 while market gardenings multiply in the plain.

The revolution of 1848 causes many rejoicings in Creteil with the plantation symbolic system of a tree of freedom. Following this revolution, the Hospital of Creteil, founded in 1471, passes under the control of the Public assistance (1849).

The war free-Prussian of 1870 is particularly cruel for Creteil. The borough is plundered and left ruins some by the Prussians while the combat of the Mount-Mesly of the November 30th 1870 make 179 dead.

Modernity touches Creteil in this 19th century with the installation of a deposit of letters in 1823 while a tram line with animal haulage connects Creteil to the Bastille (Paris) at the end of the century. It is one of the lines of the general Compagnie of the slow trains. At the time of the very last years of the century, the municipal council often renewed his wishes to see passing these lines of the animal haulage to the motor traction, in vain. A second tram line crosses Creteil starting from 1901 by connecting Bonneuil-sur-Marne to the bridge of the Harmony (Paris). The telegraph is attached to the post office in 1874, then is connected to the phone network in 1891.

20th century

Creteil obtains armorial bearings in 1901. It is about a blazon of azure decorated with money a fasce heavy shower appearing the Marne, a potencée cross of gold in remembering the ecclesiastical seigniories and a bunch of grapes, economic activity principal of the commune until the middle of the 19th century.

The first tographic projection Cinéma is held in 1907. It is one of the preferred activities of the many soldiers stationed in Creteil during the First World War. At the time of the all last months of the conflict, the municipality organizes and cofinances summer camps for 50 children of the commune.

Returned peace, the festivals multiplies. Some are given to the profit of the disaster victims of the many floods of the Marne. Circus, balls of night and concerts in all kinds are then with the program. The Cinéma remains a snuffed leisure and the room of Creteil bears the name of “Regina Cinema” at the beginning of the Années 1930.

During the Second world war, the German troops enter to Creteil on August 27th, 1940. 200 soldiers station in the commune and a post of guettor of the Aviation is installed with the Mount-Mesly starting from 1941. The castle of the Hillocks becomes the Kommandantur . April 10th, 1944, an American bombardment is particularly violent. It destroys the school in particular partly. The bombardments continue until August 1944, making several deaths among the civil population. August 12th, 1944, local Resistance seizes the deposit of the police force of Creteil. The city releases itself replacing the flag with swastika on the castle from the Hillocks by a Tricolor as of on August 21st, 1944. The Germans cut off themselves then from the Mount-Mesly and in the plain. The August 26th, it is the German aviation which bombards Creteil violently, causing 18 dead and of large damage on 62 buildings. August 30th, 1944, the American troops make their entry in Creteil. The memorial of the civilian victims cristoliennes of the Second world war counts 67 names. The war memorial points out the names of 374 soldiers cristoliens died for France between 1870 and 1962.

Creteil gives up its pastoral character after the Second world war. The population passes thus from 13 800 in 1954 with 30 654 in 1962. January 1st 1968, the city becomes prefecture of the new department of the the Valley-of-Marne.

The urban development of the commune constitutes the essential component of the local history consequently. The urbanization of the Mount-Mesly begins in 1955. The first zone of activity, that of the Small-hedges, is validated by the municipal council in 1964. It opens finally its doors the June 10th 1970. Pierre Billotte, mayor of 1965 with 1977, continues this evolution. Besides it receives the large medal of the town planning of the Academy of architecture in 1972. This urbanization is always in hand with the operational startup in 2006 of a new district between the lake and Valenton: the point of the lake. Among the emblematic buildings of the city, it is advisable to quote famous “the Choux”, left ground between 1969 and 1974.

Even evolution as regards transport with the opening of three stations of Subway (line 8) between 1973 and 1974: Créteil-l' Echat, Créteil-University and Créteil-Prefecture. A fourth station should be inaugurated in 2009 to serve the Stade Dominique-Duvauchelle and his neighborhoods. The expressway “Créteil-Bonneuil” is opened with circulation on September 9th, 1974.

In the tread of its promotion to the row of prefecture, Creteil becomes the seat of a évêché catholic in 1966 then of a academy in 1972. The Université opens its doors in 1970. A CHU of almost thousand beds comes to supplement the hospital park: CHU Henri-Mondor. These elements are very structuring for the city and offers to him, moreover, one good media visibility. Let us not forget the courts of Creteil in this field, which generate a quasi permanent media background noise.

Politically, Creteil is clearly on the left, but the voters cristoliens had preferred Jacques Chirac with Lionel Jospin in 1995 (52,9 % against 47,1 %). François Mitterrand had massively had the support of the voters of Creteil in 1988 vis-a-vis same the Jacques Chirac (64,1 % against 35,9 %). In 1981, François Mitterrand was also preferred with Valery Giscard d'Estaing (57,8 % against 42,2 %). Already in 1974, François Mitterrand had obtained more votes than Valery Giscard d'Estaing (54,1 % against 45,9 %).

Demography

In 2005, Creteil is the most populated common 45e France.

Births (2002): 1 465
Death (2002): 416

According to the annual inquiry of census of 2005, Creteil counted at July 1st, 2004 36.102 residences (+5,1 % compared to 1999) for 34.511 households (+9,4 % compared to 1999). 91 % of these residences are apartments (90 % in 1999). The share of the tenants represents 61 % (64 % in 1999). 71 % of the households have at least a car (73 % in 1999).

Economy

economic History. Of the monetary workshops is announced to the wearing of Creteil as of the time mérovingienne. It is however the agriculture which dominates with a strong proportion of vineyards, in particular on the slopes of the Mount-Mesly. One counts 36 vine growers in thus 1745. The vineyard is destroyed at the time of the war free-Prussian of 1870 and partially replanted. The spinning mill installs factories in Creteil at the beginning of the 19th century while the careers, exploited long time, give their best output starting from the Années 1820. Two types of careers are exploited: hone and plasters. The Albâtre is particularly exploited starting from the end of the Années 1850.

Trade. Three principal retail parks. The Shopping mall Creteil Sun which proposes 124 100 m ² of shops for 5300 parking and more than 25 million bays visitors per annum. Creteil Sun opened its doors on September 10th, 1974. The Crossroads Pompadour, famous for its road stoppers, also gathers so typical signs from now on suburban landscape. The old village with its traditional trade. Let us not forget the markets and the retail parks of district (the zone of the port, Échat, the Palate (6 000 m ²) and center it Kennedy and that of the Abbey (8 500 m ²) with the Mount-Mesly, in particular). The city proceeded to the repurchase of some of these centers (Palate and Échat) and them entirely renovated between 2004 and 2006.

Zones of economic activities. Four principal zones (Small hedges, Grooving planes, Europarc and Échat). Many head offices of companies generating of solids local revenues from taxes. The head office of Pernod-Ricard whose building with the shape of a reversed pyramid is in the zone of the Small hedges. The new zone of activities is that of Europarc, mainly dedicated to the technology sectors. More than 4000 companies propose in Creteil 48 000 employment of which the half in the public sector. Unemployment rate reached 8,6 % in 2004 against 6,5 % in 2001 is more than one point of less than the national average, 9,9 % in 2004.

Delegation of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Paris.

Tourism. Creteil counts five hotels. Novotel of the Creteil Lake (110 rooms), the Euro-Hotel of Europarc (96 rooms), the hotel Bell-tower of the Way of Mesly (72 rooms), the hotel Ibis of the Low Fifth (84 rooms) and the Kyriad hotel of the street of the files (51 rooms). Novotel and the Euro-Hotel are establishments three stars while the three others are of two stars. Creteil shelters moreover more than fifty restaurants.

Creteil was rewarded by a national Grand Prix for the flowered cities thus greeting vegetable omnipresence in the city. Trees and floral decorations equip the streets, while the zones of public green areas cover 180 hectares. Let us quote the park of the Creteil Lake, the Dupeyroux park, the park of the Breach and the edges of the Marne and the river islands.

Creteil posts today its will to deserve the label of station of tourism. Many installations are necessary, but the municipal council which approved on June 28th, 2004 the project of request for classification, appears ready to proceed to it.

Public transport

The town of Creteil served by the 3 means of following transports: Subway, Bus and the RER.

Subway

Creteil is equipped with three stations of Métro (line 8: Prefecture, University, Échat) while waiting for the extension of the line envisaged in 2008 or 2009 and the creation of a fourth station Park of the Sports near the Duvauchelle Stage. This underground line follows a North-South axis.

Bus

10 lines of bus the RATP, 3 of STRAV and 3 of the SETRA cross the commune, without counting the the Trans-Valley-of-Marne the RATP with seven stations cristoliennes along a north-eastern axis - south-west. The buses circulating downtown are propelled to the diester since 1994, then with the GNV (Natural gas for vehicles). 53 buses functioning with the GNV are in exploitation with the deposit of Creteil in 2005.

The RER

The Town of Creteil is served by the RER has, of which the station is named “Saint-Maur-Creteil”, inter-connected with the Trans-Valley-of-Marne. It is on the territory of Saint-Maur-of-Ditches. A new station the RER called “Créteil-Pompadour” will be served by the line D and will be open in 2010.

Administration

Creteil is the Préfecture the Valley-of-Marne since the February 25th 1965, creation date of the department (decree on enforcement of a law of the law creating the Valley-of-Marne). It will be necessary however to wait on January 1st 1968 to see the real installation of the new department. The building currently sheltering the prefectoral services and the General advice was built between 1968 and 1971.

Creteil is the seat of the academy which covers the departments of the the Valley-of-Marne, of Seine-et-Marne and of the Seine-Saint-Denis. It is the second academy in France as regards manpower with 950.000 pupils including 100.000 students for 65.000 teachers and 3300 schools.

One also notes the presence of a Court of Bankruptcy, of a bankruptcy court and the Departmental records of the Valley-of-Marne.

Creteil east chief town of three cantons:

the canton of Créteil-North counts 21 404 inhabitants;
the canton of Créteil-West counts 26 330 inhabitants;
the canton of Créteil-South counts 34 420 inhabitants.

Municipal administration

the current municipal council . The municipal council counts 53 members. 22 of the Socialist party, 10 not registered, 6 Oxygen for Creteil (UDF - UMP), 6 of the French Communist party, 5 of the Verts, 2 of the National republican movement and 2 of Workers' struggle. The " group; Oxygenate for Creteil" was dissou at the time of the Municipal council of June 25th, 2007. Henceforth there are 2 members for the UMP group, and 4 members for the group UDF-Modem (Democratic Movement) the list “Creteil surely advances - the shared progress” of Laurent Cathala who included/understood members of the Socialist party, Communist party, Verts and personalities representative of the civil society collected 53,14 % of the expressed votes, against 28,45 % with the list “Oxygenates for Creteil” (UMP - UDF), 8,01 % with the list of the MNR, 7,27 % with the list of Workers' struggle and 3,13 % with the list of the Left the workers, who did not reach the bar of the 5 % to have advisers.

Tourist monuments and places

Church Saint-Christophe Crypt of the 8th century, ogival style Des. Its bell-tower strengthened high of 30 m dates from the 11th century. The remainder of the building is more recent and associates Romance and Gothic elements besides. The nave of the 13th century includes the crypt of the 8th century containing the relics of saint Agoard and holy Aglibert in the northern corner. One finds in fact three Nef S separated by four columns in offense which determine nine arched identical spans of edges. This church is classified historic building since 1928. Many archaeological excavations were carried out around the church, putting at the day in particular sarcophagi mérovingiens and burials perhaps going back to the 4th century. The neo-gothic stained glasses of the bedside go back to 1854: the three canopies recall the life of Christ. The stained glass of the septentrional vault is devoted to the Virgin and that of the vault of the South to Sainte Genevieve. The other openings are furnished with greyness dating from the end from the 19th century. The bells are three: Joséphine Elisabeth (more than 2500 books) remelted in 1867, Marie (less than 200 pounds) offered in 1552 to the Notre-Dame vault of the Wicks and brought back to the church at the time of the Revolution, and the bell of the Martyrs (800 books) installed in 1992.

Neolithic Polishing machine Discovered at the beginning of the 20th century, this block of more than two tons of sandstone was intended for the sharpening of the stones. It goes back to approximately 5000 before J.C.

the Dovecote Classified historic building since 1972, it is the largest dovecote of Ile-de-France. It can accommodate 1500 couples of pigeons. This building of the 14th century was moved of 45 m towards the south in 1971 in order to allow the creation of a district.

the castle of the Wicks Large villa of Italian style built towards 1863 in the middle of the Dupeyroux Park. It is the current residence of the prefect.

the monument with resistance and the deportation Set up by the General advice of the Valley-of-Marne the May 10th 1974, commonly called “egg”, it is located beside the prefecture. It with the shape of a broken egg which symbolizes the burst Earth.

Several examples of contemporary architecture: prefecture, the town hall, the law courts, the house of arts and the culture, the head office of Pernod Ricard, famous “the cabbages” and departmental records in particular.

Zones of walks: the Lake Creteil, edges of the Marne and pedestrian precinct of the old village. Creteil has 180 ha of public green areas.

Culture

International festival of film of women of Creteil. One of the most prestigious cinematographic festivals. The three cinemas of the city are put at contribution to this occasion without forgetting the house of Arts and the Culture of Creteil “Andre Malraux”. Complex UGC Movies Quoted , which offers from now on 12 rooms very last thing, the cinema of the Palate and its 3 rooms which alternate films general public with cinema of author, often foreigner, and the cinema of the Attic window, single room of the Mount-Mesly. 28e edition of the Festival of the 10 at March 19th, 2006. House of Arts and the Culture

International festival Exit. Festival of annual contemporary art created in 1994 associating the numerical theater, dance, music, arts and of the installations. This festival is held at the House of Arts and the Culture. The edition 2006 took place of the March 24th to the April 6th.

Carnival of Creteil. For its 20 years, Cristol' Carnival changed by joining the House Arts and the Montalvo-Hervieu Company for a great “Feastday” which took place all the day of the Sunday, June 26, 2005 in Creteil with the program: parades dressed up, picnic, spectacles, balls and fireworks. Abbey of Creteil. the Abbey of Creteil (known also under the name of Group of the Abbey) is the name of a literary movement founded by Georges Duhamel and Charles Vildrac. A house rented in Creteil in edge of the Marne by the two poets in 1906 inspires the name of the movement. A printing works is installed in this villa, work of edition financing the needs for “the abbey”. In 1908, a group of young artists founds “the house of Creteil”, following problems of cohabitation with the two poets in the abbey which tries to attract with it artists and patrons. Side artists, one will quote Rene Arcos, Albert Gleizes, Henri-Martin Barzun and Alexandre Mercereau, in particular. On the other hand, the patrons are rare. The abbey leaves finally the edges of the Marne to settle in Paris, then cease its activities quickly (1908).

cultural Scene. In addition to the House of Arts and the Culture “Andre Malraux” who proposes a rich program, it is appropriate not to forget the other rooms of the city. The Casalis theater and that of the Slopes of the South, in particular. The village hall Georges Duhamel, the MJC of district, the village hall Jean Cocteau and even the Sport hall Robert-Oubron are other important places of the cultural life cristolienne. To announce the establishment to Creteil of the National school of music, dance and dramatic art Marcel Dadi.

Districts

Photograph gallery

Events. The July 20th 1969, Creteil east stage city of the Tour de France for the first time. This day there, Creteil marks the arrival of the 22e half-stage whose departure was given to Montargis. In end of the afternoon, the 22e half-stage leads the runners of Creteil to the Cipale in against the watch individual. The July 2nd 1983, new halt of the Tour de France in the prefecture of the Valley-of-Marne. The first stage of this edition of the Grande Boucle led the runners of Nogent-sur-Marne to Creteil by curving 163 km through the Parisian suburbs. The Turn makes last once stage in Creteil in 1987. The July 26th, the city is the departure of the last stage. Always in 1983, Creteil accommodates the championships of France of Haltérophilie of the 12 at May 15th, 1983 then the championships of France of Gymnastique of the 10 to the December 11th 1983.

The February 24th 1985, the championships of France of cross-country race are held around the lake, while the championships of France of Athlétisme take place with the Stade Dominique-Duvauchelle in 1989. In 2003, 1 {{er}} with the October 5th, the Sport hall Robert-Oubron accommodated the championships of the world of Lutte gréco-Roman.

In 1988, Creteil is crowned “the most sporting city of France” by the sporting daily newspaper the Team .

the sport in Creteil today. the sport high-speed motorboat in Creteil is the Handball. The professional team of the US Creteil Handball evolves/moves among the elite (Nationale 1) and remains on a title of Vice-Champion of France 2004. The Football holds obviously an important place with the professional team of the US Créteil-Lusitanos football which currently evolves/moves in National after being relegated of Ligue 2 at the end of the season 2006-2007. The female team of water polo collected the championships of France with eight consecutive titles of 1986 with 1993, but in the general indifference… The club of the Dauphins of Creteil remains however one of the large clubs of the area as regards Natation.

The Gymnastique is the strong point of the sport cristolien into individual. The gold medal with the Olympic Games of Athens in 2004 of Emilie Pennec, laid off in US Creteil, illustrates this fact perfectly. Also let us quote the team of Cyclisme on road of the US Creteil which evolves/moves at the national level. At the time of its victory over the Tour de France 1983, Laurent Fignon was laid off with the USC. On track, it is advisable to name Grégory Baugé, world champion by team in 2006.

The Stage Dominique-Duvauchelle (12 000 places) and the Sport hall Robert-Oubron (2 with 4 000 places according to the configurations) are principal sports equipment cristoliens. Not less than 15 gymnasia (let us quote here most important, the Casalis gymnasium which accommodates in particular the meetings of tennis shoe), 5 football fields and 3 swimming pools (Dovecote, Lévrière and Holy-Catherine + the swimming pool with waves of the base of leisures) supplement the device. No the skating rink, nor of swimming pool of 50 meters. In lack of football fields, the clubs of the city can have the installations of the park interdépartemental of the sports not including/understanding less than 13 football fields being on the communal territory of Creteil. To note the development of several football clubs in room; 15 gymnasia, that helps!

The Lac of Creteil allows the practice of certain water sports. A club of initiation to the veil exists thus since 1978.

The Center Marie Therese Eyquem makes it possible to practice the Tennis with 6 rooms of courts, the Squash with 4 courts, the Badminton with 4 courts, the martial arts (L.C.R.) with a room, the shooting (Carabine and Pistolet, fixed or moving target, 10,25 and 50 m) with a shooting range, the Musculation with a room and the Sauna with 2 rooms. professional clubs. other clubs.

Teaching

27 nursery schools (including two private) and 26 elementary schools (including two private) exempts primary school education in Creteil. At the time of the return to school in September 2005, 4058 pupils are provided education for in nursery school for 5212 in primary education.

College S

public Colleges.

College Clement Guyard located at 54 rue Saint-Simon. Clément Guyard (1890 - 1971) was a teacher of Creteil of 1921 with 1944.
College Victor Hugo located at 2 rue des Écoles.
College Louis Issaurat located at 14 rue Raymond Poincaré. Louis Issaurat was an inspector of academy of the Valley-of-Marne.
College Amédée Laplace located at 10 rue Laplace.
College Louis Pasteur located at 61 avenue du Chemin de Mesly.
College Pleasure located at 97 avenue Lafferrière.
College Albert Schweitzer located at 2 avenue de la Habette.
College Simone de Beauvoir located Saussure Email.

private Colleges.

School and private Collège catholics Of With a grid located at 11 rue Octave Du Mesnil.
College Ozar Hatorah located at the 2 Swept Felix way.

Sections of mainstream education and adapted professional.

SEGPA Issaurat located at 14, rue Raymond-Poincaré.
SEGPA Pasteur located which occurred of Way-of-Mesly.
SEGPA Schweitzer located which occurred of Habette.

College S

The first college of Creteil opened its doors the September 30th 1963: the Morin vocational school located street of Verdun (in the past street of Saint-Maur).

In 2005, Irene Waldspurger, college Leon Blum of Creteil received the first price of Greek version of the open Competition. 15 years old only, it is youngest of the 144 prizes winner of the edition 2005 of the open competition.

Public lycées.

College Saint-Exupéry (1968) located at 2/4, rue Henri-Matisse.
College Edouard Branly (Technical school, 1970) located at 33 rue du Petit-Bois.
College Leon Blum (1976) located at 5, rue Jean-Gabin.
College Gutenberg (1992) located at 18/19, rue de Saussure.

private Colleges.

College Ozar Hatorah located at the 2, way Felix-Swept.
Vocational school Morin (1963) located at 22, avenue de Verdun.

University

The Université Paris XII is inaugurated in 1970. It is a multidisciplinary center. Medicine is taught within CHU Henri-Mondor inaugurated in 1969. Since 1972, the Institut of town planning of Paris is in Creteil within the University Paris XII. In November 2007, Richard Descoings, director of the Institute of Political Studies of Paris, announces that Sciences Po Paris will open soon a campus in Creteil.

The university zone knew work these last years because of the closing of the antenna of Saint-Maur-of-Ditches. In order to accommodate several thousands of student S in economy and Right, the operational startup of new buildings was obligatory, because with more 25 000 students and 1 200 teaching - enquiring, the university site cristolien missed space cruelly. Following the construction of these new buildings, the university sites limited at the origin with the only district of the Palate also extend from now on in the districts from Lévrière - the Hague to the monks and Échat.

In Creteil, the University counts three Bibliothèque S principal. The principal college library of the multidisciplinary center, the library of economic scenes on 3000 m ² for 500 places of readers and that of right 3000m ² for 460 places of readers. To note the weakness of the funds with only a little more 230 000 volumes.

Media

In addition to the municipal display panels, the free monthly magazine of municipal information Vivre together is the only media today specifically cristolien. The daily newspaper Parisian the devotes each day in its edition the Valley-of-Marne several articles to the topicality of the city.

During the inter-war period, Creteil had several titles of press: the Newspaper of Creteil , weekly republican founded in 1935. the Gazette of the East , republican newspaper independent which covered the suburbs Is of Paris is published of 1914 with 1944. the Small suburbs renamed the Suburbs of Paris , was a republican newspaper covering the South-eastern suburbs of Paris. It appears of 1884 with 1951.

After the Second world war, the Republican of the Valley-of-Marne is the major local title until its stop in the Années 1980.

As regards radio, Creteil FM begins its emissions as of 1981. Top Tonic buys the frequency of Creteil FM in 1984. Between 1984 and 1987, Top Tonic had its studios in Creteil. It was the first French station to adopt a format sport and music.

Today, Radio operator Esparto, Portuguese-speaking station, emits from Creteil on the whole of the Ile-de-France. Its targets are the Portuguese and Brazilian communities of the area. This station created in 1987 emits out of 98.6 MHz.

On the level of television, the town suit east cabled of long time (NC Numéricable).

Justice

Law courts of Creteil. the current law courts was built between 1976 and 1978. It was conceived by the architect Daniel Badani and symbolizes by its form the book of the law and the balance of justice. It is since then one of most active of France. Let us quote here the examining magistrate Eric Halphen which officiated in Creteil of 1989 with 2002. This Court of Bankruptcy depends on the Court of Appeal of Paris. Among the principal businesses which there were treated, quote the Affaire Sohane Benziane, the Affaire of the HLM of Paris or the Affaire of the HLM of the Hauts-de-Seine. The Order of lawyers of the bar of the Valley-of-Marne counts more than 450 lawyers. It has its seat within the Law courts of Creteil.

Bankruptcy court. It is from now on localized in the building “the Pascal”, wedged between the expressway (RD1), the UGC Quoted Ciné and the carpark of Creteil Sun. Qualified on the whole of the department of the the Valley-of-Marne which includes/understands in particular the International market of Rungis and the Aéroport of Orly, it had to treat some important businesses like that of the liquidation of the airline company Air Lib on February 17th, 2003. The court includes/understands six rooms: three rooms of dispute and three rooms of collective procedures.

Health

At January 1st 2006, 27 Pharmacy S, an about sixty dentists, an about sixty general doctors, ten pediatrists, a half dozen ophthalmologists and dermatologists constitute in particular the liberal Médecine of the city.

CHU Henri-Mondor. Hospital of the Public assistance inaugurated the December 2nd 1969 meadows of the city of the Cornflowers. Conceived initially to receive 1300 beds, its capacity of reception is today of 958 beds. It employs more than 3000 people including more than 2600 medical staffs. Its expenditure in 2004 was of 241M€.

inter-commune Hospital of Creteil. Inaugurated the November 3rd 1937. Capacity of reception of 530 beds against 264 in 1937. The construction of this establishment was decided in 1932 by grouping the communes of Bonneuil-sur-Marne, Creteil and Joinville-le-Pont within an intercommunity association. Saint-Maur-of-Ditches joined then this trade union. In the beginning, part of hospital staff was nuns. In 2004, 38.037 hospitalizations listed for 2.551 childbirth and 12.838 surgical operations. It counts approximately 2000 employees for 1400 medical staffs. The Center of blood transfusion of Creteil depends on the inter-commune Hospital. This service deals with 600 to 1000 requests per day.

Hospital Albert Chenevier. Hospital of the Public assistance. Capacity of reception of 463 beds. The service of psychiatry counts 118 beds.

Worships

Catholic church. Creteil is the seat of the Diocèse of Creteil. The Notre-Dame Cathedral of Creteil, rather modest, is just beside the University. In addition to the cathedral, five parishes in Creteil: Saint-Pierre church of the Lake, Notre-Dame parish, parish Saint-Christophe, parish Saint-Michel of the Mount-Mesly and the parish Saint-Pascal Baylon. The bishop of Creteil east today Mgr Daniel Labille. Several communities: Carmelite nuns, Dominican, Girls of the Holy Spirit, Oblates Mariales, Nuns of the Assumption and Franciscains.

Other Christian communities.

adventist Christian Church
evangelic Protestant Church of Creteil

Worship Jew. a principal synagog and several rooms of prayer acting as synagog sometimes.

Muslim cult. Three principal rooms of prayer. The large mosque of Creteil should be finished in the first quarter 2008. The cultural part of the building was subsidized with height of a million of euros by the municipality.

Other communities.

Faith Buddhist Baha' IE
Association Khmère

Twinnings

Twinnings :

Co-operation :

Personalities related to the commune

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