Craiova

In 1395, Craiova was probably the place of the victory of the Prince de Valachie Mircea Ier de Valachie on Bayezid Ier, Sultan of the Othoman .

Frequently indicated under the name of " cité" after first half of the 16th century, the area of Craiova was always regarded as an important economic area of Valachie and Romania as a whole. During the occupation of the Habsbourg S of Olténie 1718 - 1739, the statute of Craiova declined because of the economic pressures and the increase in the centralism, leading partly to an increase in the actions of hajduk, parallel to the protests of the boyards of Craiova. In 1761, under the reign of the prince Constantine Mavrocordatos, the banns moved in Bucharest, leaving Kaymakams - provincial governors - to represent them in Craiova.

At the time of Prince Emanuel Giani Ruset, the seat of Valachie was established in Craiova (1770 - 1771), looked like a place of refuge during the Russo-Turkish Guerre of 1768-1774. Most of the city was set fire to by the pasha rebel Osman Pazvantoğlu in 1800.

During the rising of Wallachians of 1821, the inhabitants of current the judeţ of Dolj joined in great number the Pandurs of Tudor Vladimirescu, contributing in a revolutionary walk on Bucharest. Costache Romanescu, a citizen of Craiova, appeared among the chiefs of the provisional government during the revolution of the Wallachians of 1848. The two sovereign last of Valachie, Gheorghe Bibescu and Barbu Dimitrie Ştirbei, resulted from an important family of boyards resident in Craiova, the family of Bibescu. The period following the war of independence was one period of economic progress and cultural. Consequently, at the end of the 19th century, the town of Craiova, with its: 40000 inhabitants, had developed small factories (chemistry, transformations of the agricultural produce, construction materials) and textile manufactures. After the Second world war, industry continued to develop.

In 1900, Craiova accounted for 43.1% of the industry of Olténie; one counted 924 there company industrial (including 20 large industrial plant, employing 1.078 workmen). The number of large industrial plant amounted to 40 in 1925. The banking system also developed at the beginning of the 20th century (there were then 6 banks and 2 exchange offices).