Crémieu

Crémieu is a medieval Cité, common Frenchwoman located in the Département of Isere, in area the Rhone-Alps.

Geography

The commune is located at the North of the department, close to Bourgoin-Jallieu and to approximately 40 km in the east of Lyon.

History

Old residence city of the dolphins of the Viennese. Crémieu is mentioned as of the 9th century; but appears in the history at the 12th century.

As of the end of the 12th century, Crémieu is the chief town of a châtellenie (kind of administrative unit) in the baronnie of the Tower of the Pine which will be attached to the Dauphiné in 1282, itself attached to the Crown of France in 1349. A priory of Benedictines is established at the top of cliffs of Saint-Hippolyte surrounded by his fortifications and a castle faces him on the St. Lawrence hill. The priory was attached to the abbey of Saint-Chief in 1247. The city will be established downwards under the walls of the castle delphinal, on the road of Italy, then between the two hills and plays a commercial part, throughout the 13th century.

At the border between the Dauphine one and the Savoy, the châtellenie of Crémieu plays a military part of defense important. In 1315, a charter of franknesses grants to the inhabitants new freedoms and important commercial privileges. In 1317, the convent of the augustins, rested by the dolphins of Viennese, comes to lean with the walls of the recently parcelled out new city. The presence of a monetary workshop, attested in 1337, devotes the economic advancement of the city. The low city which, as from the 14th century, attracts the commercial rich person, preserves houses and old private mansions at neat architecture. It is the one boom beginning installed for two centuries which will see the need for the construction of a new defensive apparatus including the two hills and the low city and the construction of a vast market at the 15th century covered with roofing stone of Crémieu, replacing the new market created in 1314. Profiting from a strategic position, the city consolidates its role of center of trade of the grains between France and Savoy, Switzerland and Italy.

It is at the beginning of the 14th century, that Jean II founds, in the new part of the city, a priory intended to accommodate ten hermits of Saint-Augustin, order begging formed at the 13th century. The building work of the convent begins at the 14th century and continues with many rehandlings until the 19th century: construction of the bell-tower above a tower of defense in 1508, refitting of the cloister and construction of the gate at the 17th century for example. To the Revolution, on May 9th, 1791, the buildings and the church were allocated to the municipality of Crémieu, for the sum of 7.000 books and those Ci were assigned to new uses.

At the 17th century, of many religious orders and brotherhoods (Capuchins, Penitent White, Visitandines, Ursulines) settles in Crémieu and then takes possession of a city whose marketing activity weakens. Jeanne de Chantal founds the convent of the Visitation in 1627, the nuns have only of one small house and a vault. The current buildings built between 1632 and 1682 are seized like national good and are sold in 1792. Thirty years later, the municipality installs there the hospital, to which the Refuge of the old men is annexed, in 1864. A new vault is built in 1884 by the Lyons architect Pierre Richard. The castle delphinal (classified historic building in 1943) was abandoned during this century, it was used as stone quarry until the Revolution, before being partly rebuilt at the 19th century.
the economic decline, reinforced in 1702 by the removal of the annual fairs founded at the 14th century, encourages the inhabitants to develop the industry of the textile and that of the leather which will occupy in 1710 nearly the quarter of the population.

At the beginning of the 19th century, Crémieu and its surroundings become a destination of the Lyons and Grenoble-native landscape designers in the search of picturesque subjects. Very quickly, of painters of the geographical and artistic horizons varied install their rest in Isle Crémieu. A hundred artists work there during the century of which Auguste Ravier, Paul Flandrin, Hector German, but also Camille Corot, Charles-François Daubigny and Gustave Courbet who immortalisé the lock of the pond of the Tile with Optevoz.

At the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, young artists remain in their turn with Optevoz, attracted by the fame of their famous predecessors. Alexis-Paul Pachot d' Arzac, Philippe Tassier and Charles Rouvière in particular left decorations painted in several houses of the canton.

source geneawiki

Places and monuments

The city preserves many old houses (- 18th centuries), beautiful remainders of fortifications (doors of the 14th century, wall segments), vast market S covered (15th century), and Augustins brood it whose Cloître is intact and who is used as town hall since the French revolution.

The castle delphinal (now bar-restaurant) dominates the east coast city, while the ruins of a strengthened priory cover all the Saint-Hippolyte hill in the West.

Bond

Official site of the city
the site of the trade of Crémieu

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