County of Guînes

History

According to Chesnaye-Desbois and Badier, in their Dictionary of the nobility , the county of Guînes was one of the first large counties which became hereditary under the Carolingiens. It is the antique blazon of the lords of Guînes which was raised by the commune at the 19th century. It is vairy of gold and azure, with the chief of azure with three flowers of gold lily.

It seems well that, as of the 7th century, the territory belonged to the Comté of Flanders which included all the country ranging between the Somme and the the Scheldt. Towards 663, Walbert, count d' Arques, gave between the hands of Saint-Bertin, apostle of the area of Saint-Omer and founder of the abbey which bears his name, all the grounds which it had with Guînes; but the first official mention, if one can say, of the name of Gisna , Guînes, is only in 807 in a deed of gift dated from the October 11th of the same year, per which a named lady Lebtrude transmits to the monks of the famous audomaroise abbey the properties that it holds on the edges of Ghisnervlet, river of Guînes, in a locality Wasconingawalla , word in which it is easy to recognize the current name of the Walle.

At the 11th century, the territory and the town of Guînes had terribly to suffer from the wars which opposed the king de France Philippe Auguste and the count of Flanders and were several times invaded by the royal troops like those of Renaud de Dammartin, count de Boulogne. In spite of these catastrophes, Arnould II of Guînes had in 1214 the consolation to however take part, at the sides of Philippe Auguste, of which it had become the vassal one, with the Bataille of Bouvines.

Arnould III, twelfth count de Guînes, fact captive with the Battle of Walkeren (Holland) the July 12th 1253, had, to repurchase, sell its county to king de France, in 1285. Ten years later however, in 1295, Philippe Beautiful the returned a part from there to Jeanne de Guînes, grand-daughter of Arnould III, wife of Jean II of Brienne, count of Have which then took the title of count of Have and of Guînes.

The November 19th 1350, Raoul II of Brienne, 15th and last count de Guînes, Constable of France, shown treason after the catch of Caen by the English, was decapitated with Paris, in the Hôtel of Nesle, on the order of Jean II the Good which gave the county of Have to Jean d' Artois and attached the county of Guînes to the royal Domaine. Three years after the Taken of Calais, the January 22nd 1351, the castle of Guînes was delivered by treason to the English, and in 1360, the Traité of Brétigny completely gave up with king d' Angleterre the city and its county.

Subdivisions

During its fastening to the royal Field French, in 1284, the county included/understood twelve baronnies and four châtellenies.

See too

Related articles

  • List of the counts de historical Guînes

  • List of the French counties

Sources

Lambert of Ardres, the chronicle of Guînes and Ardres , 1203.

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