Corogne
Corogne is a city of the autonomous community of Galicia (north-western of the Spain), capital of the Province of Corogne, located in edge of the Atlantic Ocean.
243.785 inhabitants (figures 2004), surface 36,8 km ².
Toponymy
The official toponym has Coruña (in English Corunna or The Groyne).This name proceeds of Latin Caronium, even if the Romans would have initially called it Brigantium.
In XIIe century appears for the first time the Crunia toponym, from where drift the current name.
The toponyms has Cruña and As Cruñas is not used any more.
History
According to the legend, Hercules, after having killed the giant Géryon, would have buried its head in the foundations of the headlight and it is itself which would have installed at the top of the tower, a mirror whose function was to reflect the flames of a hearth in order to guide the sailors in the night. A long time this headlight incarnated the hope of a better life for the thousands of immigrants bound for the Latin America, far from the misery of the Galicia.
In 858, the city is plundered by the chief Viking Hasting.
The famine of 1800, cost many deaths the city and all Galicia and pushed the populations towards immigration.
The city was one of the cradles of the Libre-pensée in Europe. Y were born, Pablo Iglesias, the founder of the Socialisme in Spain, and the anarchist Ricardo Mella.
Towards the end of the 19th century, many glazed galleries were installed on the buildings, along the sea front of six kilometers. They had a pure function of thermal protection while making it possible to protect the frontages from the storms and to store the heat of the sun. Some make more than twenty-five meters length, others are decorated polychrome panes and the unit constitutes the greatest whole of galleries glazed in the world.
The beginning of the 20th century, saw the return of many inhabitants having made fortune in Latin America. These Indianos made it possible the city economically to take off. Politically liberal, they made engrave in an open stone book the constitution of Cadiz and placed it at the top of the Tower of Hercules. This book was destroyed in 1939 by the pro-Franco ones.
Starting from 1906, the cuban architect Ricardo Boan there Calleja and the Galician architect Antonio Lopez Hernandez revolutionize local architecture and impose the modernism inspired of the Art déco. The frontages are decorated exotic garlands of flowers, the executives of the windows become the support of planks of flowers of lotus or butterflies, and earthenware take tons pastels. To this time also the first tram goes back which was given in service since 1997.
The fact that the Général Free is originating in the city close to Ferrol did not prevent the city from undergoing pro-Franco repression after the Spanish civil war (1931-1936).
During the years 1950-1962, a very hard economic crisis postguerre civil, again pushed thousands of inhabitants in immigration towards Buenos Aires in Argentine and Montevideo in 510px|1991|1996|2001|2004|
246.953|243.785|236.379|242.846}}
== == Main activities
Fishing port, industrial port, tourism, gastronomy, football.
[[Image: Puerto of Coruna (Spain) .jpg|thumb|300px|The commercial port]]
== famous Personnalités related to Corogne ==
* [[Marcial del Adalid]] (1826-1881), type-setter.
* [[Pablo Iglesias]] (1850-1925), the founder of [[socialism]] in Spain.
* [[El Salvador de Madariaga]] (1886-1978), diplomat, writer, Spanish and pacifist statesman.
* the anarchist [[Ricardo Mixed]] (1861-1925).
* [[Amancio Ortega]], founder of the Zara group, 20% of the population work for him in one of his companies or factories.
* [[Pablo Picasso]] (1881-1973), which spent four years of its adolescence with Corogne whereas his/her father was professor at the school of the fine arts. The city inspired its first outlines naturalists to him.
* [[Maria Pita]], the " Jeanne d' Arc" Galician.
== Monuments ==
* '' [[Turn of Hercules]] '' (Torre de Hércules), the only headlight of the Roman epoch still in service. [[Hercules (mythology)|Hercules]] would have buried in his foundations the head of the giant [[Géryon]].
* '' Eglise Santa María C Campo ''
* '' Eglise Santiago ''
* '' Obelisco back Cantóns ''
* '' Castro de Elviña ''
* '' Praza das Bárbaras ''
* '' Old woman-Corogne ''
* '' Monument [[Emilia Pardo Bazán]] ''
* '' Jardins San Carlos '' (with the tomb of [[Sir John Moore]])
* '' Palais María Pita '' (Town hall)
* The walk of Alborada seaside
== ''' Beaches of Corogne ''' ==
*Praia of Riazor
*Praia C Orzán
*Praia das Lapas
*Praia of Oza
*Praia of San Amaro
*Praia C Matadero
*Praia of Adormideras
*Praia of San Castling
''' Beaches of the surroundings '''
*Praia of Santa Cristina ([[Santa Cristina]], [[Oleiros (Corogne)|Oleiros]])
*Praia of Bastiagueiro ([[Bastiagueiro]], Oleiros)
*Praia of Santa Cruz ([[Santa Cruz de Oleiros]], Oleiros)
*Praia of Mera ([[Mera]], Oleiros)
*Praia of Lorbé ([[Lorbé]], Oleiros)
*Praia of Sada ([[Sada (Coruña has)|Sada]])
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