The consubstantiation is a Protestant doctrines Lutheran by which, at the time of the Cène, the Pain and the Vin preserve their own substances with which coexist the substances of the body and the blood of the Christ. This notion was defined by Luther in the Babylonian Captivity of the Church in 1520.

By reopening the debate on the real presence , in 1551, to the Council of Thirty, the catholic oppose the Dogme to him Transsubstantiation within the framework of the catholic Réforme, basing their reflection on Thomas d' Aquin.

In fact, Thomas d' Aquin popularized a theory of Aristote: the substance , invention of Aristote when it disputes its Master Plato. Plato considers that reality is consisted of the understandable world (world of the ideas ), of which the world that we know and of which we form part (sensitive world) is a pale reflection. On the contrary, Aristote describes a world made up of “things”. Each one of these “things” is defined by accidental properties fixed on an essential “substance”. In short, the substance is ultimate reality.

Ulrich Zwingli will dispute the position of Luther as well as the catholic position resulting from Aquinate. For him, Cène commemorates, in the community gathered, the last meal of Jesus with his disciples which points out all the goods and graces to us that God gave us by his son Jesus-Christ . He affirms that Christ is not corporally present in the bread and the wine at the moment of the communion, present in the heart, the spirit and the life of those, gathered, which divide them. This real presence moves species at the assembly.

Foot-note : not to confuse the consubstantiation with the Consubstantialité

See too

• Protestant Reform