Congress of Berlin
the Congress of the Nations of Berlin is a diplomatic conference held with Berlin, June 13rd with the July 13rd 1878, by the representatives of the European powers, thanks to the efforts of Benjamin Disraeli aiming at revising the Traité of San Stefano.
Historical context
After the victory of the Ottoman Empire against the Serbia in 1876, the tsar of Russia declared the war in April to him 1877. The war between these two powerful nations, which made rage until January 1878, showed the victory of Russia. The Turks were constrained to accept the hard conditions of the Traité of San Stefano, signed on March 3rd, 1878, which displeased with the the United Kingdom and other European nations, which interposed and obliged Russia to reconsider the terms of the treaty.
Consequences of the congress
The most significant change of the amendment of the treaty was an added clause, which laid down, under certain conditions, the stamping and the independence of Turkey. One of these conditions stipulated that Turkey was to grant to the Jews the civil laws and monk within his empire, to which the Palestine belonged. It is around the table of the Congress of Berlin that the States which form the Balkan Peninsula today were manufactured by the European diplomacy and which were taken all measurements resulting in transforming the national diversity of the Balkans into small States. None was to develop certain limit beyond; each one was enclosed in a bow net of bonds diplomatic and dynastic and opposed to all the others; all were impotent vis-a-vis the machinations and with the permanent intrigues of the European great powers.
Delegates
; Germany- Otto von Bismarck
- Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
- Bernhard Ernst von Bülow
- Gyula Andrássy
- Alajos Károlyi
- Heinrich Karl von Haymerle
- William Henry Waddington
- Charles Raymond de Saint-Vallier
- Hippolyte Desprez
- Benjamin Disraeli
- Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquis de Salisbury
- Odo Russell
- Lodovico Corti
- Eduardo de Launay
- Alexandre Mikhailovich Gorchakov
- Pyotr Andreyevich Shuvalov
- Paul d' Oubril
- Alexander Carathéodori
- Sadullah Bey
- Mehmed Ali Pascha
See too
- Russian Road roller: this geopolitical expression dating from XIXe to indicate the gigantism of the army of the tsar probably returns to the status quo regulated at the time of this congress.
Be-X-old: Бэрлінскікангрэс
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