Concept of development scientific

The Concept of development scientific (Concept) (科学发展观, Pinyin: Kēxué Fāzhǎn Guān) is the current official ideology of the Chinese Communist party (PCC) for the socio-economic questions. It is presented by the Chinese government like an ideology which falls under the evolution of the successive ideologies energy of the Marxisme-léninisme, to the Maoïsme, then with the Théorie of Deng Xiaoping and finally with the Three representations . The paternity of the theory returns to Hu Jintao and its administration which seized the power in 2002. It is a new style added to the Socialisme with the Chinese characteristics ratified by the constitution of the PCC during the 17th congress of the party in October 2007. The ideology is dominated by levelling concepts associating the Sustainable development, the Minimum wages, an individualistic company, an increase in democracy and the creation of a “harmonious company”.

Context

Before Jiang Zemin, preceding president, does not leave the presidency, the ideological contribution of the third generation of Directorate of Political Affairs had registered in 2002, in the party and the constitution, the theory of the Three representations . This ideology, apparently new, was actually a more capital intensive version of the original theory of Deng Xiaoping on the Socialisme with the Chinese characteristics, and was useful more in official rhetoric than in practice. After its departure of its president's function, Jiang continued to exert a certain influence in the businesses of the country. Because of the popular pressure and internal struggles with the party, Jiang gradually gave up any role between 2003 and 2005. In 2005 the new leader, Hu Jintao, had obtained an important control on the state, the party and the soldiers. During a meeting with high level with the residence of state of Diaoyutai the day before ANP in March 2005, Hu and his/her colleagues seized the occasion to reorientate the philosophy of the party while trying to modify the approach of the growth of the social problems serious and general instability. The conclusion was put on the need for a new ideological campaign to move the official objective of “economic growth” towards the” social harmony”.

The president Hu Jintao launched the countryside by a speech with the ANP calling to the construction of a “harmonious company”. He summarized his design like the development of the “Démocratie, the respect of the law, justice, sincerity, the harmony and the vitalité" as well as a better relation between the people and the government and also a better relation “between the man and the nature".

Behind these nice ideas hid real social problems: miss democratic rights, endemic corruption of official, a hole open and growing between rich person and the poor, of the increasing disparities between rural areas and urban areas, a chronic unemployment, a saddening record of industrial disasters and a severe pollution.

In its speech the Prime Minister Wen Jiabao promised to spend 10.9 billion yuan ($US1.3 billion) for the “re-employment” of fired workers and still 3 billion yuan to improve the occupational safety, in particular in the coal mines. It was committed to abolish the tax of the central government on the agriculture which touches 730 million peasants and providing resources for the education of the poor children of the rural areas.

Wen referred also to the few 140 million rural migrants who form the essence of the labor force cheap of China and promised that their unpaid wages (estimated at some $US12 billion) would promptly be paid to them.

Application

The application of the Concept received mitigated results. The central government has to face a marked opposition of the regional governments and “Clique of Shanghai” within the Politburo which wished to stress more the economic growth (in opposition to the more moderate approach of the Concept which keeps an eye open on the social costs of the development).

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