Concept of action

Problems

The Philosophie questions such as Which do I have put to make and That can I know ? In Theory of knowledge, one wonders on what is called knowing for a prone and about the Nature of this subject; in the same way, in Moral, one wonders who is the prone of the action, what is at the origin of a certain type of behaviors, known as intentional .

These problems recover the question of the relationship between the spirit and the body, question made difficult by Cartesian dualism , which poses a inintelligible separation between two Substance S of different nature. From the more contemporary point of view, in analytical Philosophy, the question is to know what we want to say when we employ of the words which relate to the Action, such as voluntary reason , , responsibility , intention , etc, and which Représentation overall we are done some.

But before tackling these questions, it is advisable to start with the most elementary parts, the first manifestations of the living matter, to go up then towards the whole of the human organism, with its history and its particular environment.

Bases of the human behavior

Elementary reactions of the alive one

One admits in Physiologie that one of the fundamental properties of the alive cell is the capacity to react to an external change. This exitability can be described by several Loi S:

  • One exciting causes a reaction starting from a given threshold.
  • the excitation and the reaction are not necessarily quantitatively equal.
  • a reaction increases slowly at the beginning, and stops with a maximum threshold.
  • a fabric reacts always in the same way.

The movements reflexes

The movement reflex is a reaction of the muscles or a gland which follows an excitation, without will nor conscience: it is the arc reflex. Many of these reflexes are modifiable with a certain degree.

The conditioning of the reflexes

Structure of the behavior

Instinct and conservation

The practice

The actions which are in us depend themselves on us and are voluntary.

Theories of the subject of the action

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