Comtat Venaissin

The Comtat Venaissin or Comtat (in Occitan Of Provence: lo Comtat Venaicin/Comtat according to the traditional standard or lou Coumtat Venessin/Coumtat according to the Norme mistralienne) is part of the Département of Vaucluse, between the Rhone, Mont Ventoux and Durance, including/understanding the towns of Cavaillon, Carpentras, Vaison-the-Roman.

The name of the comtat comes from Venasque, its first capital, which Carpentras in 1320 succeeded. Its neighbors, Avignon and Orange respectively formed a comtat ( county ) and a principality distinct.

History

Belonging to the count de Poitiers and of Toulouse Alphonse, brother of holy Louis, it passed to king de France, then with the the Holy See in 1274.

The pope Clément V establishes his curia with Carpentras in 1316. The following popes were established in Avignon until in 1377 (see popes of Avignon). The Jeanne queen of Naples having sold Avignon to the popes in 1348, both comtats (of Carpentras and Avignon) formed each one then a distinct State, striking currency and beating house. Its inhabitants were free from taxes. The tolerance of the popes made it possible the Juifs comtadins to live there without being worried, and many Jews of France to escape persecutions of which they were victims, in condition however which they agree to live in one of the four careers comtadines. Oldest Synagog of France in service goes up for its older walls at the 14th century and is with Carpentras.

The kings of France in vain tried on several occasions to annex the pontifical State: it was in particular occupied in 1663, 1668 and of 1768 with 1774 at the time of disagreements between kings of France and several popes. Comtat remained under government and pontifical protection until in 1791.

Since 1790, in the revolutionary spirit, Avignon drove out the vice-legate, representing the pontifical authority and required its fastening of France.

In Carpentras, on the other hand, the inhabitants tried to establish a small independent State, which would carry out at his place the reforms of the Constituent Assembly French, but without agreeing to join together it in France. In April 1790, without the agreement of the pope, but by recognizing his authority, they met in assembly and reformed the government: the pope was recognized there like constitutional monarch. Avignon, Frenchwoman recently, then sought to force Carpentras to enter the French Republic. Carpentras resisted two seat S successive carried out by the Inhabitants of Avignon. The National Assembly of France charges finally three police chiefs, Verninac Saint-Maur, Lescène-of-Houses and the Mulot abbot, to go to put an end to a sterile fight, and, the September 14th 1791, a decree, returned on the proposal of the Camus deputy, joins together with Avignon France and the comtat Venaissin.

The pope Black and white VI, under the threat of invasion of the other States of the Church by the French Armies carried out by the general Bonaparte, sign the Treated of Tolentino, the February 19th 1797. Papacy recognizes the annexation of its States.

Geography

The country of Carpentras and Comtat Venaissin is classified Pays of Art and History.

The heart of Comtat Venaissin consists of a plain called plain of Carpentras which is surrounded of the Dentelles of Montmirail, of the Mont Ventoux, Gabelle, Nesque and the Monts of Vaucluse. Comtat Venaissin is famous for the beauty of its landscapes and knew to keep a specific character, thanks to the weak industrialization of the area. Having a fragile vegetation, prone to the fires during the summer, it is recommended to all more the greatest caution and the greatest care.

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