Computer graphics
The computer graphics indicates the Graphisme S created and managed by Ordinateur, whose management are based on a graphic station made up of material elements like the processor and the graphics card whose powers determine the speed response and of calculation of the graphic units, the tools for acquisition like the Numériseur or the Caméra bench-title, the tools for handling like the mouse or Graphics tablet, tools for storage like the Disc-hard or Key-USB and tools for restitution like the Imprimante or the Moniteur of computer, of an interface user who allows the interaction between the user and the computer and finally of the Format of data which ensures the intermediary between the returned image and the numerical elements of this one.
During the introduction of the concept into the French language towards the Years 1980, it indicates only graphics, which one calls then computer graphics (information by graphics), intended to put in image generally static information by means of Diagram S, from charts or Diagram S. But the concept of computer graphics being quickly widened to all the graphics produced by average data processing, one distinguishes it by the term from Computer graphics of press , field where the computer graphics are used. This activity is related to the Graphic arts by the people who apprehend it like an artistic form of expression.
Computer graphics expert
The computer graphics expert - page setter prepares and carries out supports of visual communication (drawings, graphics, illustrations, assemblies). This trade combines the art of graphics with the use of the computer tools and the software adapted for a work in 2D and 3D. It assembles and puts on page of the media (images + texts) on screen of computer starting from a model, that is to say for the edition and printing works (booklets, folders, plates, catalogs.) maybe for the publication in networks (electronic Web pages, documents). The computer graphics expert is brought to collaborate narrowly with other professionals: artistic director, Photographer, Scenario writer, Stimulating 3D, Architect, printer, webmaster, programmer, and creator of graphics…
History
August 1st One mentions since 1973 ( IBM Systems Journal ), and with irregular intervals since, the experimental creation of holograms by computer. But this slow and thus not-interactive operation being (for the moment), it did not upset the profession.With the whole beginning of the digital age, the graphic designers were often Autodidacte S. And these “talents” were very required. Now, to become computer graphics expert, it is necessary to have a solid formation in Graphisme, and a good knowledge of the graphic tools on Ordinateur.
The quasi-generalization of the computer tools in the field of graphics, during the Years 1990, makes a little artificial the distinction between “graphic designer” and “computer graphics expert”, all the graphic designers being more or less computer graphics experts.
Practical
The general terms to designate a practitioner of the computer graphics is “computer graphics expert” or “infographe”. In the field of the Journalism, one uses “computer graphics expert of press”, “writer graphic designer”, “editor graphic designer” or “illustrator computer graphics expert” according to the journalistic and/or graphic activity of the person within the team of drafting. In the Graphic arts, one distinguishes mainly those which handle images in two dimensions of those which handle objects in a space in three dimensions.One finds the first approaches mainly in the Band-drawn where the Mise color, even the Encrage are carried out by means of software of Dessin computer-assisted, in publicity where the Retouche of image S is omnipresent, in the video games where the Pixel-art was prevalent until the fifth generation of consoles when the 2D migrates towards the textures.
One finds the 3D mainly in the Architecture where one uses the modellers 3D to precede the appearance of a building which one envisages or promotes construction, in the cartoon films advertizing or kinematics where the power provided by the 3D solutions is exploited to the maximum or in the video games where the active phases of play in 3D are limited to the 3D polygonal and optimized to the maximum to mitigate the material limitations which would not allow real-time if necessary.
Among the tools for acquisition, one can quote the Light pen, the Computer graphics, the Numériseur of document, the mouse, the Graphics tablet or the Trackball . The most current tools for restitution are the Imprimante and the Moniteur of computer.
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