A compressed is a solid Dosage form , intended for the oral way, equivalent to an amount (dosage unit) which can contain one or more active ingredients. The tablets are obtained by agglomerating by compression a volume of particles (powder or granule). The tablets are swallowed or crunched, dissolved or disaggregated in Eau, some must remain in the Bouche to release the Active ingredient there (tablet to be sucked or sublingual).

The particles consist of one or more active substances, added or not with Excipient S such as: Thinner S, Binder S, disaggregating, agents of flow, Lubricant S, made up being able to modify the behavior of the preparation in the digestive Tract, dye S, Flavor.

The tablets are generally of the form of a Cylindre right of which faces lower and higher can be punts or convex and bevelled edges. They can carry bars of breaks (sectile tablet), a Sigle or another sign.

There exist many alternatives of compressed:

  • Compressed not coated
    • Compressed " classique"
      the tablet is swallowed, it dissolves and can be absorbed in all the gastro-intestinal tract.
    • Compressed to suck
      It should not be swallowed but sucked, the active ingredient being able to pass in the Sang via the Muqueuse S of the Bouche.
    • sublingual Comprimé
      It should not be swallowed but placed under the Langue where it will melt. The active ingredient passes in blood by the mucous membranes of the lower parts of the language, rich in vascularization.
    • effervescent Comprimé
      It disaggregates in water glass.
    • dispersible Comprimé
      It disaggregates quickly in water glass.
    • orodispersible Comprimé
      the tablet disaggregates in a few seconds in the mouth. There exists several Technologie S to cause a fast disintegration. For example, the tablets " Lyoc " : One finds much this type of compressed in the Médicament S without ordinance or the patient seeks more comfort. The orodispersible one indeed makes it possible to take large tablet without risk of false route. It often comprises a variable flavor according to the cultures: Banana, red Fruit (blackcurrant or strawberry), Mint or Lemon-yellow in France, or grooves or Chocolat with the E. - U..
  • Comprimé bituminous mix (coated)
    the tablet is coated, to obtain a particular effect (like gastro-resistance) or to hide the color or an unpleasant taste or, to have a color " commercial " , for example Viagra is blue color of the logo of the laboratory which markets it. The tablet is smooth and brilliance.
    • Comprimé stripped
      the Enrobage is in general a plastic film very fine used to hide the color or the taste of the drug.
  • Compressed Private individuals
    • gastro-resistant Tablet
      Of the excipients, a stripping or a particular coating make that the drug does not dissolve in the stomach in order to protect the active ingredient from the acid gastric juices or to protect the stomach from a harmful effect of the active ingredient (for example the AINS the such Aspirine prevent the stomach from being protected from its own acidity. A Ulcère can then appear.)
    • Comprimé with prolonged release
      Of the excipients, a stripping or a particular coating makes that the active ingredient will be released slowly throughout the intestinal transit time. That makes it possible to maintain the effect of the drug over several hours and to reduce the number of catches per day.
    • Compressed with modified release
      Of the excipients, a stripping or a particular Enrobage makes that the active ingredient will be released at one particular time, in general on a window of absorption (the active ingredient is absorbed only at one particular place of the Intestin.)
    • Pilule
      the contraceptive pills are in fact small tablets.

Manufacture

There exist 3 principal methods of manufacture of a tablet, the choice being done mainly according to the physicochemical characteristics of the components of compressed (Active ingredient and Excipients):
  • Granulation by wet process
  • direct Compression
  • Granulation by dry roads

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