• the term returns in its direction first to a legal concept. One will speak about competence of a Tribunal to determine at the same time his territorial spring and the limit of his capacity to be known of a business. Thus, on the penal level, a magistrates' court will have to know offenses, a Court of Assizes of the crimes… In the same way, if I have different with my neighbor for a problem of limits from ground for example, the magistrates' court nearest to the place of my residence will be only qualified.

  • In a second direction, the term returns to the sphere of activity of a trade and to its own requirements. In human Stock management, competence is often as follows defined: together knowledge, know-how and behaviors drawn from the experiment necessary to the exercise of a trade. The concept of knowing returns obviously to knowledge initially and later on acquired essential to the exercise of the profession. The concept of to know procedural is related on what is common to the trade, to the profession. The experiment, the dexterity of the workman for example is dependant on the singularity of the individual, its practice in the exercise of the activity and in relation to others, within the team, vis-a-vis the customers.

For many specialists in work, competence is a mixture of the three components which are knowledge or knowledge theoretical and procedural, practical know-how or skills and knowledge or personal qualities.

General concept of competence

  1. In the professional field, competence will be defined like one knowledge-to act resulting from the mobilization and the use effective of a unit of internal or external resources in situations concerned with a professional context.
  2. In teaching, competence indicates the mobilization of a whole of resources (to know, know-how, knowledge-practical), in order to solve a situation complexes pertaining to a family of situation-problems. One speaks about basic competence to indicate competences which must be acquired to be able to spend one year to the other, or from one cycle to another.
In a definition as in the other, competence is strongly related to the concept of situation-problem, which belongs to a family of situations delimited well.

Contrary to the performance, which is an efficient action in a given situation, competence is a potential of efficient action in a whole of situations. Performances carried out in various situations, one can inférer a competence. A performance is noted; a competence infère.

concept of " knowledge-être" is a philosophical imposture. We can be without knowledge. We can knowledge-being. We can also know to live, but the knowledge-being is indefinable. He is unaware of the unconscious one which is an unconscious knowledge of itself, he returns to arbitrary of the appraisers. Competence is a intellectual assumption on the knowledge whose dynamic combination allows the activity. One distinguishes between the formalized knowledge (knowledge and procedures) and the acting knowledge (know-how, experiment). Behavioral dimension can possibly be evoked within the framework of reference frames of competences. One can learn a behavior, but this training does not lead to a knowledge-being, because there will be always an irreducible share of contingency, creativity, never considering.

Competence is a potential successful action.

" Knowledge in acte" G Malglaive

" Stabilized whole of knowledge and know-how, control-types, procedure-standards, types of reasoning, which one can implement without training nouveau." Mr. de Montmollin

In economic Intelligence

Knowledge and competences constitute one of the 11 factors of the economic Intelligence in the model suggested by the AFDIE, with three criteria:

  • To identify and evaluate knowledge and competences,

  • To protect knowledge and competences,
  • To control the Technologies information and the communication.

It will be noted that competences of the European Union, and especially of the European commission, are very wide on the First pillar of the European Union, known as of integration, which raises the question of the relationship between sovereignty and competences.

In the European Union

Competences of the European Community can be exclusive or concurrent (divided between the Member States and the community) according to the cases.

  • the Principe of subsidiarity applies only in the event of concurrent competences.

  • the Principe of proportionality applies to exclusive competences and competitors.

Reference

Economic model of intelligence, AFDIE, Economica, 2004.

See too

External bonds

  • DISCAS: What a competence?
  • Technéo, the directory of research of technological competences

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