Compensated dolly

The dolly compensated for is a cinematographic effect consisting in combining a back Zoom with a Travelling before or a zoom front with a back dolly so that the principal subject remains tallied in the same way, only the changing decoration of prospect.

For example if the camera moves away, one narrows simultaneously the field (one grows bigger) so that the subject does not change apparent size. But all the background will narrow behind him, which can create a feeling of faintness or giddiness. Indeed, our system of vision uses at the same time the prospect and the size to build its reference marks. This distortion between an unchanged size and a prospect evolving/moving is destabilizing. The article Déformation of prospect related to the focal distance contains an illustration of this phenomenon.

This effect is also called zoom of Hitchcock , counter-zoom , transtrav or effect Vertigo . Indeed, it was used for the first time by Alfred Hitchcock in the film Cold sweats ( Vertigo in English), in a scene where one looks to the bottom of a staircase. One finds it since in particular in the Teeth of the sea (when the main character looks at the shark), Freed the , the Community of the ring (when Frodon feels for the first time the approach of the Black Riders in the forest of the County) and Hatred . The same process is used at the beginning of E.T by Steven Spielberg, when the men who seek the extraterrestrial one look at the suburban houses where it hides. The dilation of space produces echoes that of the neck of E.T in the preceding plan. François Truffaut uses the same technique in Jules and Jim when the two friends discover the statue of the woman of their dreams. This effect can also be combined with computer animations, an example is the scene where Neo flies in Matrix Reloaded .

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