Company of Escarpelle

The Compagnie of Escarpelle is an old active French mining company in the department of the Northern .

History

June 13rd, 1846, Mr. Be, owner with Cambrai, carries out a survey with the hamlet of Escarpelle which proves to be conclusive. The carboniferous ground is reached with 154 meters of depth, two layers of ores are crossed successively. This result is noted by the Engineers of the State the following year, the June 21st and July 26th, 1847. The happy discoverer then forms a company having for objective the research and the exploitation of the coal in the area, by joining together a capital with friends. September 29th, 1850, the Company of Escarpelle obtains the concession of 4 721 hectares. These discoveries confirm the elbow of the Field and its prolongation of the carboniferous layer towards Béthune.

discovered elbow of the Field Nord-Pas-de-Calais

The first development company, that of Anzin, was founded in 1734. Its success caused many research in Hainaut, Flandres and in Artois.

Wood was rare and more and more expensive. Rewards were promised with those “which would have put during the five years a coal mine in exploitation in the province of Artois”. Unfortunately, of the many surveys undertaken, none revealed coal. Through several unfruitful tests, nothing serious will be tried until 1834.

Thanks to the discovery in 1846 of coal in Escarpelle, it was possible to determine that the carboniferous formation was directed from 30 to 40 degrees towards North, causes initial of such an amount of failure in the surveys.

As soon as known, this discovery caused new research. In 1850, the carboniferous ground is recognized of Douai to Lens on a space of fifteen kilometers in length and eight in width. The Basin of the Pas-de-Calais will be divided soon between the various concessionary companies until Fléchinelle (from now on Enquin-the-Mines).

The field resembles a right-hand man the closed fist curiously. The shoulder is with Fléchinelle, the elbow in Escarpelle, the fist with Valencian and the inch at August 1st

Pits

Pit 6

1884 This wells is dark. Is used initially with the ventilation of the n°2 and the extraction
1936 end of the extraction then ventilation and service with the n°10

Pit 8 of Escarpelle with Auby

1968 the well is stopped then embanked

Photographs of the rest

Pit 9 of Escarpelle with Roost-Warendin

The head-frame, or what it remains about it, of the well " n°9 of Escarpelle". This large head-frame of the gantry type was built in 1955 to ensure the extraction of the well n°13 Healthy-in-Gohelle. With the closing of this last, it was dismounted to be gone up on the well n°9 of Escarpelle with Roost-Warendin, where it was useful until the stop of the exploitation on October 27th, 1990.

Pit 9 of Escarpelle is the last but one well closed of the history of the extraction of coal in the coal basin Nord-Pas-de-Calais. The last will be that of the 10 of Oignies December 21st, 1990.

Pit 10

1973 closing

Hamlets

Creation of " Bridge of Deûle"

In an area in rural matter, one found with difficulty to place oneself and local labor was non-existent. This is why the Company of the mines of Escarpelle made build houses, with Roost-Warendin, close to the church. They are finished in 1852.

1849 well before the exploitation of pit 3 was not started, the need for providing for housing with the minors becomes an urgency.
1861 was built the dwelling of Management with Bridge of Deûle.
1870, houses of the engineers and employees, road of Auby with Pont. It was the birth of a hamlet in the zone " bridge of Deûle".
1890 the direction of the Company of the mines of Escarpelle projects to create a new commune by separating the commune of Flers-in-Escrebieux of its district of Bridge of Deûle with the addition of the hamlet of Escarpelle, detached of Roost-Warendin. This project is subjected to the approval of the municipal council. July 13rd, this one names a commission, charged to study this business. July 27th, the council deliberates on the Commission Report and gives an unfavorable opinion. The Bridge of Deûle thus remains integrated into Flers in Escrebieux.

Creation of the hamlet " Villers" with Flers-in-Escrebieux

The city of Villers was built about 1920, to place the Polish labor that the Company of Escarpelle had engaged. The first residences to be left ground were it on the trunk road towards Noyelles-Godault. Then those came from the street of Rheims then those of the streets of Trawl-nets and Epernay.

The first Polish families arrived in 1922. The men were assigned to the pit of Courcelles. In 1924, the city counted 1100 residents. Trade of proximity open.

External bonds

Report/ratio of the police chief of Lourches on possible the strike movement of the minors of the sectors of Aniche Oignies and Escarpelle.

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