Common Spruce

The common spruce ( Picea abies ) is a resinous tree of the family of the Pinacées and kind Picea . One often assimilates it by error to the Sapin because of his resemblance to him. It is traditionally used besides as a Christmas tree. The principal differences between the spruces and the fir trees (in particular abies alba) are on the level of the needles (all around the branch and prickly for the spruce, on both sides of the branch and soft for the fir tree), and on the level of the cones: they are set up at the fir trees and hanging at the spruces. The simplest technique to differentiate it from a fir tree, they is that the needles of a common spruce have three faces, therefore they " roulent" in the fingers, while those of a fir tree have only two faces, consequently, it cannot " rouler". The pieces of spruces produce more boletus that other gasolines, especially when the stems have between 20 and 30 years.

Description

The Arbre, which can live from 300 to 500 years, measure from 30 to 40 meters in general but can reach 60 meters sometimes: approximately 85% of the wounded spruces see their wood being degraded against approximately 9% at the fir tree. Moreover, one showed in 1991 qu ' a spruce attacked by the “rot” (fungic attacks) lost 8,5% of his value for the first meter and 4,6% per additional meter (the rot gains on average 10 to 20 cm/an).
Ses Racine S must be protected from the passage of heavy machines and the wounds, the more so as it often pushes on vulnerable grounds
L' spruce is also very vulnerable to atmospheric pollution, one very seldom finds it in agglomeration condensed because of its incapacity to push.
Les spruces which push on the artificial Lisière S of cuts shaves S, Route S, Layon S. seems to be able to be more sensitive to the hydrous stress (visible on infra-red photographs) and can one suppose with the attacks of Scolyte S.

The Galle-pineapple on the branches of the common spruce is caused by a Puceron: Sacchiphantes viridis .

Use

    common
  • Frame and all sawings for construction (called " sapin")
  • Christmas tree
  • Lutherie (manufacture of violins)
  • Firewood
  • Pulp paper
  • the bark gives tannic substances used in Mégisserie

Pharmacopeia

  • Properties: Disinfectant, balsamic, expectorant, sedative, antiphlogistic, antibiotic.
The pitch of Burgundy is obtained by incision on the trunk. The distillation of pitch provides the Spirits of turpentine which is used with the preparation as ointment topic.

Sources

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