Committee of public Hello

The Committee of public hello , body of government revolutionary set up by the national Convention the 17 Germinal year I (April 6th 1793), elected for one month and re-eligible, formed de facto (except in financial matters) the government of the France until the Directoire (see Création of the Commission of public hello). The Commune of 1871 issued the institution of a new Committee of public hello.

Presentation

The Committee of public hello was created to replace the founded Executive council after the insurrection of August 10th, 1792, which brought together the six principal Ministers for the government. The Committee of public hello, initially dominated by Georges Danton, then by Maximilien Robespierre, exerted, with the Comité of general security, a mode of dictatorship and terror intended to save the Revolution seriously threatened of the interior - federalistic insurrections, Guerre of the Vendée - and outside. Although national Convention always held the supreme authority, it generally ratified the decisions of the Committee of public Hello. This one was nevertheless to give an account of its decisions to Convention nationale.
Until the July 10th 1793, the composition of this committee of nine members, deliberating in secrecy, dominated by Georges Danton, included/understood, in the order of their election:

Jean Antoine Debry, patient, gave his resignation and were replaced by Robert Lindet, appointed the Eure

One installed this new committee on April 7th, 1793 with the Tuileries until his disappearance in October 1795 in the apartments of Marie-Antoinette of Habsbourg-Lorraine, located at the ground floor with the house of Flora, become the palate of the Equality.

The organization of the capacity in France

Vote for all | | Mountain Marsh the Gironde name +-----------------------+ names ------------------------| national Convention | ----------------- | +-----------------------+ | | ^ | | | | +---------------------------+ | +-------------------------------+ | Committee of public hello |------------- | Committee of general security | +---------------------------+ proposes the laws +-------------------------------+ | fact of passing the defendants in front name the representatives on mission | | | +-------------------------------+ | | | revolutionary Tribunal | | | +-------------------------------+ Inspection controls of departments armed

The policy dantonist, moderated mountain policy, there prédominera.
Regarded as too moderated, this committee was altered after the fall of the Girondins and, the July 10th 1793, one eliminated the dantonists there.

The “large Committee of public hello”

The July 27th 1793, Maximilien de Robespierre made its entrée.
there In September 1793, the committee included/understood twelve members:

Jean-Marie Herault de Séchelles was eliminated for dantonism and was not remplacé.
From July 1793 - after the departure of Georges Danton - until July 1794, the same Mountain dwellers except for one only were constantly réélus.
At the time of the meeting of the July 31st 1793, to celebrate the catch of Tileries of the August 10th, 1792, Barère, proposed to destroy tomb X of the Basilique Saint-Denis.
The twelve members of the “Large Committee of public hello” were far from being unanimous in their opinions.
There exists a " droite" made of Robert Lindet, Lazare Carnot and Claude-Antoine Prior-Duvernois, a " gauche" who included/understood Maximilien Robespierre, Louis-Antoine-Leon Saint-Just, Georges Couthon, Pierre-Louis Prieur, André Jean-Good-Saint-Andre; a “extreme-left” with Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Game preserve, Jean-Marie Collot d' Herbois, Jean-Marie Herault de Seychelle and Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac. Its members unite sometimes with the ones, sometimes with the autres.
But the true chief of this " Large Committee of Hello public" will be Maximilien Robespierre. Although he enjoyed no particular attribution, its influence is quickly dominating. It will be the alive bond between Grand Committee of public hello and national Convention on the one hand, the " Large Committee of Hello public" and the " club of Jacobins" , in addition, the " Large Committee of Hello public" and the Common of Paris. It is him which will engage the “Large Committee of public Hello” in an industrial relations policy that it thus summarized in its notebook: popular subsistence and laws .
Whereas the mode is threatened by the intervention of the foreign armies, the Jacobin S under Robespierre centralize the denunciations, the lawsuits and the executions under the supervision of this committee from ten to twelve members. It controls the country, sending in province and to the armies of the representatives on mission who apply a policy of Terreur. In each commune, those could be pressed on inspection committees.

The failure of the “Large Committee of public hello”

Dissensions inside the " Large Committee of Hello public" brought the fall of the mode of Terreur, the majority of the " Large Comité" control by Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Game preserve, Jean-Marie Collot d' Herbois and Lazare Carnot being opposed to Maximilien Robespierre and his/her friends, shown by the Committee of General security.

The Committee of public hello after the fall of Robespierre

After the falls of Maximilien Robespierre on Thermidor 9 year II (July 27th, 1794), the powers of the Committee of public Hello were reduced to the diplomacy and the military businesses. It was removed in 1795.

Decree establishing the Committee of public hello

The Defense committee general felt the need, especially after the jolt of March 10th, 1793 which brought to the Creation of the revolutionary Tribunal, to cure in this state of affair, and thus on March 18th, 1793, by the body of its rapporteur, Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac, it required with the national Convention that a new committee was established under the name of Comité of Hello public and organized " so as to extinguish all the hearths of discordes".

Vote project of Committee of public Hello to national Convention

The March 25th 1793, the project of Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac was voted. One maintained the number primitive of the members but national Convention reserved the right to name them itself. Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac could be persuasive and convincing. A commission was named.

Adoption of the decree presented by Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac

April 6th, 1793, Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac presented and made adopt by national Convention the project of the following decree:

  1. It will be formed a Committee of public Hello composed of nine members of national Convention.

  2. This committee will deliberate in secrecy; it will be charged to supervise and accelerate the action of the provisional Executive committee (thus named the ministry formed after August 10th, 1792), of which it will be able to even suspend the decrees.
  3. It is authorized to take measures of external and interior general defense; it will not be able to in no case to decree warrants for arrest, if it is not against agents of executions and with load to give an account without delay of it to Convention.
  4. the Treasury will be due to the provision of the Committee to a hundred and thousand books for secret expenditure.
  5. It will make each week a report/ratio of its operations and situation of the republic.
  6. It will be established a register of its deliberations.
  7. the Committee is established for one month.
  8. the Treasury will remain independent of Comité".

At once the voted decree, Convention carried out the nomination of its members. Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac collected the greatest number of voices.

See too

Related articles

External bonds

  • Committee of public Hello of national Convention: 1793-1795
  • Refers for membership off the Committee off Public Safety

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