Coastguard

A body of coastguard is an national organization responsible for the civil proceeding of the State at sea. He is maritime operations manager of police force (fight against the illegal traffics at sea, police force of navigation), of civil security at sea (Recherche and rescue) and, in certain countries, of the assistances to the Navigation (Balisage, service of Brise-glace, etc). Generally, it is responsible for the application of the laws of the State in the maritime zones under its jurisdiction (territorial Sea, ZEE…), as well as international payments.

All the countries do not have a body of coastguard; the missions of police force and safety are then distributed between several private administrations and organizations or associations. According to the countries, the coastguards can be a body military or managed by a civil department, generally the ministry for the interior or transport. Some their missions can also be conceded at private agencies.

Canada

The Canadian coastal Garde is a civil service directed by the ministry for Fishings and Océans. It is charged to patrol the longest coast in the world with 243.042 kilometers to make respect the payments of the maritime security and fishing like carrying out rescues. The maritime laws and the defense of the territory are the spring of the maritime Command of the Canadian Armed forces. The respect of the civil laws is the spring of the royal Gendarmerie of Canada and of the local police force but the latter can use the ships of the GCC.

The other aspects of its missions are the management and the maintenance of the assistances to navigation (Balisage, Radionavigation, diffusion of information on the maritime security) and a service of ice-breakers for the maintenance of the navigability on certain sea routes (Fleuve the St. Lawrence, Golfe of the St. Lawrence, sea route of the North-East, Hudson Bay).

Its college of formation is located close to Sydney, in Nova Scotia.

The United States of America

The United States Coast Guard is a military organization which depends in times on peace on the United States Department off Homeland Security (ministry for the interior) created after the Attentats of September 11th, 2001. In time of war, it would be placed under the direction of the Secretary of State to the navy.

The college of the United States Coast Guard is in New London, in the Connecticut and trains the officers. The officers marines are trained with U.S. Coast Guard Chief Petty Officers Academy in Petaluma, in California and the training center of the crews to the United States Coast Guard Training Center of May Cape, in the New Jersey.

France

France does not have a body of coastguard. These missions are ensured by several administrations, National marine, National police, Maritime businesses, Douane S, the National police force like by a private association, the National company of rescue at sea. Coordination is ensured by the police port authorities in Metropolitan France and by the prefects and High-Commissioner in the departments and overseas territories, under the direction of an interdepartmental organization, the General secretary of the sea under the authority of the Prime Minister.

The appropriateness of the creation of a body of coastguard in France is the subject of a recurring debate.

Coastguard of the Old mode

The coastguards were ordered by officers of the militia coastguard, military body regulated in 1678 and 1781 but dating the top Moyen-âge, having the load of the monitoring of the coasts, roads and islands coastal, the alarm in the event of presence and of unloading enemies, the first defense of the coasts, the monitoring of the coastal traffics in all kinds.

The Milices were of local recruitment, peasants or marine louts, badly armed and little disciplined; the posts of captain of these militia were allotted to former naval officers, former servicemen of the army, or notable middle-class men, inhabitants on the same spot of their assignment. They were remunerated little but it was a service of the king and locally their notoriety was strong. These militia coastguard ensured a great part of their mission while circulating along the coasts from where this " right of the roi" usual territorial along the French coasts beyond sea leaves (called wrongly nowadays " path the coastguards " : the monitoring of the coasts was transferred to the Douane with the Révolution.

Other national services

  • In India, the Indian Coast Guard is a paramilitary organization which takes care of the monitoring of the coasts and research at sea.
  • In Italy, the Guardia Costiera is a military organization belonging to the ministry for the infrastructures and transport.
  • In Malaysia, the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA) is a civil organization under the direction of the Prime Minister. Its director is named by the king and his personnel by the commission of the public office. It can be placed under the command of the armed forces in the event of conflict.
  • With Singapore, the Police Coast Guard (PCG) is a branch of the police service.

External bonds

  • Plea for a coastguard European
  • Argentinian - Naval Prefectura Argentina
  • Australia - two private organizations of coastguard exists and compétitionnent:
    • Australian Volunteer Coast Guard
    • Royal Volunteer Coastal Patrol
  • Canada:
    • Site of [[Canadian coastal Guard]] the
    • Site auxiliary coastal Guard
  • the United States:
    • United States Coast Guard
    • United States Coast Guard Auxiliary
  • Great Britain:
    • HM Coastguard
    • Royal National Lifeboat Institution
  • Greece - Ελληνικό Λιμενικό Σώμα
  • HongKong - HongKong Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centers
  • Iceland - Coastguard of Iceland
  • India - Indian Coast Guard
  • Ireland - Irish Coast Guard
  • Italy - Harbor offices of Port - Coastguard
  • Japan - Japan Coast Guard (ex Maritime Safety Agency)
  • Malaysia - Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA)
  • Norway:
    • Norwegian Coast Guard
    • Kystvakten
  • Filipino - Filipino Coast Guard
  • Taiwan (Republic of China) - Republic off Clouded Coast Guard
  • Ukraine - МОРСЬКАОХОРОНАДЕРЖАВНОЇПРИКОРДОННОЇСЛУЖБИУКРАЇНИ

Simple: Coast Guard

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