Coals

Houilles is a common department of the Yvelines, in the area Île-de-France, in France, located at approximately 8 km to the east of Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer.

The name Houilles is a deformation of flocks , derived from the Latin , oviles (ewe), name of the plain where proceeded royal huntings and where the sheep were high. The inhabitants of Coals are called besides Ovillois.

Geography

The commune of Coals, almost completely urbanized, is in a loop of the the Seine. It is bordering on Sartrouville in the North-West, Bezons in the east, and on the Career-on-Seine in south-west.

It is served by the secondary road D308 which connects Paris to Poissy, by the secondary road D311 which connects Houilles to Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer and by the railway line Paris-Saint-Lazare - Rouen on which also the circulate the RER has. The Station of Coals - the Career-on-Seine is the junction point of line the SNCF coming from Saint-Lazare and that of the RER coming from Defense.

History

The site of the commune was already inhabited at the time mérovingienne.

The bases of the Catholic church goes back to XIIe century and its structure was deeply altered at the XIXème century.

In XVIe century, the village was strengthened by a wall comprising four doors.

The stone of size was exploited some time at the end of XVIe century but the activity will not perdura. Mushroom beds settled then in these unused careers. The activity lasted until the modern time.

At the XVIIe century, royal huntings took place in the plain.

The arrival of the Railroad in 1841 metamorphosed the village. Passing from the statute of countryside to that of suburbs of Paris, Houilles sees its population growing regularly until the end of the years 1960.

In 1943 pennies the occupation Nazi, the city obtains a typical blazon of the ambient frame of mind. Created by Renee Louis, it reflects the history of the city. The principal reason is a gantée hand on which a falcon is held of hunting. The edge is decorated mushrooms and a wall of fortification crowns the unit.

During the Second world war, that because of the presence on the ground of the commune of the aeronautical factory Hispano-Suiza (today army ground: base of the Commander Thousand) that the German army requisitioned, an antenna of Gestapo was installed with the angle of the streets Gambetta and Marcel Sembat. This Nazi presence left in heritage a whole whole of crosses - gammées out of steel integrated into the ironwork of the frontage of the building which gives the signature of the occupation Nazi to this place.

Administration

Demography

Histogram
(graphic development by Wikipédia)
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PlotData= bar: 1793 At: 1651 fontsize: S text: 1651 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1800 At: 1290 fontsize: S text: 1290 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1806 At: 1144 fontsize: S text: 1144 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1821 At: 1227 fontsize: S text: 1227 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1831 At: 1265 fontsize: S text: 1265 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1846 At: 1230 fontsize: S text: 1230 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1856 At: 1203 fontsize: S text: 1203 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1866 At: 1433 fontsize: S text: 1433 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1872 At: 1256 fontsize: S text: 1256 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1881 At: 1737 fontsize: S text: 1737 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1891 At: 2331 fontsize: S text: 2331 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1901 At: 3824 fontsize: S text: 3824 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1911 At: 7092 fontsize: S text: 7092 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1921 At: 10274 fontsize: S text: 10274 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1926 At: 15153 fontsize: S text: 15153 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1936 At: 19799 fontsize: S text: 19799 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1946 At: 20610 fontsize: S text: 20610 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1954 At: 22974 fontsize: S text: 22974 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1962 At: 26370 fontsize: S text: 26370 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1968 At: 29338 fontsize: S text: 29338 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1975 At: 30345 fontsize: S text: 30345 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1982 At: 29537 fontsize: S text: 29537 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1990 At: 29650 fontsize: S text: 29650 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1999 At: 29634 fontsize: S text: 29634 shift: (- 10,5)

Economy

  • the commune shelters the center of and the command information systems of the National marine.
  • the annual stock sale of Coals, second of the kind by the size (2 000 exhibitors out of 10 km) takes place each first Sunday of October.

Culture

Architectural heritage

  • Saint Nicolas's Day Church: church of the 19th century.
  • suburban Zone of the center town in which one notices the house of Victor Schoelcher where it died out the December 25th 1893. The street of Argenteuil, in which it is located, was famous Avenue Schœlcher in homage to this political character of transitory IIème République, exiled in England under Napoleon III and quickly then rejoined with Mac Mahon after Sedan which made some in 1975 an irremovable senator.

Personalities related to the commune

  • Victor Schoelcher (1804-1893), French politician whose name is associated with the cause of the abolition of slavery in 1848 and who lived until his death with Houilles. This cause was historically a claim of the low-clergy of old mode, to which the great majority of the third-state had been curiously opposed at the time of the General states of 1789. This combat ended in the first abolition voted in 1994 by Convention under the impulse of Of Gironde the Brissot and Condorcet and of the Abbé Gregoire. It was quickly put in failure then revoked by Napoleon Bonaparte at the request of the West-Indian middle-class. In 1834, is created the French company for the abolition of slavery chaired by Victor de Broglie; François Arago and Victor Schoelcher will intervene with his continuation to issue on April 27th, 1848 its abolition definitively. This combat was then put at the only credit freemasonry from which Victor Schoelcher came, which is doubtful from a historical point of view, since a good number of conventional belonging to freemasonry had been opposed there in 1994 for primarily economic reasons.

Twin towns

Friedrichsdorf lodges the museum, of the name of the inventor of the word “Téléphone”. That explains astonishing it gift that the city made in Houilles: a phone box. One can discover it not far from the town hall.

Sports

Rugby

Olympic Rugby Club of Coals - the Career-on-Seine (ROCK HC) is a club of Rugby to XV French, evolving/moving in Fédérale 2.
It belongs to the Comité Ile de France

Sporting event

  • the international pedestrian Bullfight of Coals, race basic on 10 km, takes place every years between Christmas and New Year's Day. The race proceeds last Sunday of the year.
    Characteristic of the calendar, the 34e edition was held on January 1st 2006 and there thus no was bullfight in 2005.

See too

Related articles

  • Common of Yvelines.
  • Images of Coals.

External bonds

  • Town of Coals, official site
  • Seen air of the commune of Coals on the site of IAURIF
  • Coals on the site of [[the national geographical Institute (France)|IGN]]
  • Coals on the site of INSEE
  • old Postcards of Coals

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