CoagulaciÃ³n

The old Nubian is a language now disappeared, which was written in Nubie between the {{VIIIe}} and 15th century. It is an old version of the Nubian Langues current, still spoken today in certain areas. It is probably the direct ancestor of the Nobiin

A hundred pages only reached us in this language, mainly of the Christian texts, written by using a modified form of the Copt alphabet. It is the oldest known sub-Saharan language after the Méroïtique.

Writing

The old Nubian is written with a form Onciale of the Greek alphabet, supplemented letters coptes - ϣ, ϩ, and ϭ - in addition to three letters suitable for the Nubian, apparently derived from the méroïtique one: ng, ny, and W. Each letter could have a line drawn with the top, if:

it is a Voyelle which form with it only a syllable, or preceded by L, N, R, or J;
it is a Consonne preceded by an I (sometimes under heard).

Its /i/ could be written ε, ̄ ει, η, ι, or υ; /u/ was normally written ου. In the Diphthong S, a Tréma was sometimes placed at the top of ι to indicate semivowel Y.

The double consonants were written twice, there was no distinction between the long and short vowels, and let us tons them were not marked.

The punctuation included:

a high point •, sometimes replaced by a double bar \ \, equivalent at a point (.) or at two points (:) ;
a bar/used as question mark (?) ;
a double // bar to separate the worms from a poem.

Names

The old Nubian does not distinguish the kinds, and does not have articles. The name is a radical to which various suffixes and postpositions are added. The principal ones are:

- L Personal: examples twin wheels it " devil (prone) " ; iskit-l "the Earth (subject) ".
- N (a) Genitive: examples iart-Na palkit it " in the sea of the pensées".
- K (a) Directing: eg Mikhaili-ka "for Michel"
- lo Rental
it Inessif
- C means " dessus"
- dal Comitatif

The most common plural is in - gu- , but of rarer plurals is for example - rigu- and - pigu- .

Pronouns

The basic pronouns are:

have " Je"
ir " Tu"
tar- "It, elle"
er " Us (inclusive) "
U " Us (exclusive) "
ur- "Vous"
for the third time " Eux"

There is no form of courtesy.

The conclusive ones are:

in : this
man- : that

The interrogative ones are:

ngai- : who?
min- : what?
islo : where?
iskal : how?

Verbs

The verb has five forms: present, two preterites, future and the requirement. For each one of these forms there are the subjunctive and imperative modes. The verbs are combined according to the person. Example with fraud " souhaiter" at the present indicative:

dollire "I souhaite"
dollina "You souhaites" , " It, she souhaite"
dolliro "Us souhaitons" , " You souhaitez"
dollirana "They souhaitent"

Example of old Nubian

Old Nubian:

κτ̄ κα γελγελο̄ ουανον ῑη̄ ουςι να ⋊αν τρικα• δολλε πολγαρα πεςςνα• παπο̄ κοελμ̄ με εκ̄ κα

Transcription:

Kitka gelgelosuannon Iisusi manyan trika• pare will polgara pessna• papo iskoelimme ikka.

Literally:

" Rock and-when-they-went-far Jesus eye pair • to raise high says it • father I-thanks toi."

Translated: " And when they moved away from the rock, Jesus, raising the eyes, known as: Father, I you remercie."

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