Clipper

See also: Clipper (homonymy)

A clipper (English word meaning chisel perhaps evocation of the boat splitting the floods) is a Bateau made to as quickly as possible convoy its perishable goods with a Gréement three-masted ship and square veils on the Misaine and the grand' mast but a Fore-and-aft sail on the Artimon.

First baptized sailing ships " clipper" were the " clippers of Virginia " (called then " clippers of Baltimore ") about 1815, and from the plans of sailing slave traders came, with gréement of Brick-goélette or Brigantin. They were approximately 30 meters long, with bowsprits extrèmement long. The lengthening of their hulls pushed them to mainly become square three-masted ships.

The clippers were sailing S of modest size (approximately 60 to 70 meters length) but very fast (speed of more than 9 nodes) and manoeuvrable, generally built of wood in the middle of the 19th century. They are in fact the last generation commercial sailing ships which one designed, equipped gradually with metal structures resistant and profiting from all the technical evolutions of the time.

Very marine forms, they were powerful and were the subject of Homeric challenges between captains primarily on the road of the, of the China to the England, of the cotton of Australia or on the road of the Cape Horn of the east coast at the west coast of the the United States. The Cutty Sark was one of the last famous clippers. Preserved in a dry dock at Greenwich, to the United Kingdom, it gave its name to a race and a mark of Whiskey, It is only still existing nowadays. Built in 1869, it is 85 meters long overall, for nearly 11 broad and could carry nearly 3000 m ² of veils, which enabled him to hold of the averages of 8 nodes on the return of Australia in Europe.

The construction of sailing ships out of iron, started in the Years 1870 approximately and which made it possible to go until more than 140 meters length (sailing ship France II), rang the knell of these sailing ships, the Port into heavy and the standardization having replaced the very beautiful forms of the works sharp.

Aeronautics

A seaplane built by Igor Sikorsky, the S-42 was baptized Clipper as well as the Boeing 314.

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