Classify Oscar
The class Oscar is a type of Nuclear submarine launcher of Soviet cruise missiles . Two sub-types existed, of which most recent, the Oscar II , currently serve in the Russian navy .
Oscar I and Oscar II
Oscar I
The “class Oscar I” (Code NATO) is known in Russia like the “Project 949 Granit ”. The first specimen was put except service in 1997. Only 2 Granit were built for the Soviet Marine.
Oscar II
The “class Oscar II” (code name of NATO) is known in Russia like the “Project 949a Antey ”. It is about an aerodynamic nuclear submarine missile launcher (code NATO: SSGN).
Design and construction
Projects 949 and 949A were concluded in the years 1980 by the Rubin company. It is among the most secret projects of the ex-USSR. The schedule of conditions required a submarine of attack lance-missile ultramodern, able to transport 24 anti-ship missiles SS-N-19.The Oscars are equipped with 6 panels, share and others of the kiosk, with two 2 missiles by panels. As the 9 meters of the SS-N-19 make it too large to place the missile vertically, the missiles are placed in honeycombs (N in the corner higher right and the other in the left lower corner), inclined forwards almost 40°.
The SS-N-19 can transport a traditional load of 750 kg, or a nuclear warhead of 500 kt to 550 kilometers. It is conceived like anti-ship missile, particularly intended to destroy the air and sea aircraft carriers and groups.
The Oscar is only the (underwater lance-missile) Russian capale of launching its missiles without making surface. The typical strategy consists in using submarines of attack as a scout to locate the enemy fleet, and firing all the missiles in only one salvo, in order to saturate defenses anti-missile with the enemy.
Since the agreements STAR I and II on the non-proliferation and the nuclear reduction of the weapons, the armament of the Oscar was replaced by missiles with conventional load.
Like all the Russian nuclear submarines, the Oscars have two footbridges: a " baignoire" in top of the kiosk, and right in lower part a footbridge protected from the elements.
List ships
Two Oscar - I, built with Severodvinsk, assigned to the Soviet Fleet of North:
- K-525 Arkhangelsk , built in 1978, armed in 1980
- K-206 Mourmansk (ex- Minsky Komsomolets ), armed in 1981, famous Murmansk in 1993
Ten Oscar - II were built with Severodvinsk. Six were assigned to the Fleet North:
- K-148 Krasnodar , armed in 1986
- K-119 Voronezh , armed in 1988
- K-410 Smolensk , armed in 1990
- K-266 Orel , ex- Severodvinsk , armed in 1992
- K-186 Omsk , launched the May 8th 1993, armed the October 27th 1993
- K-141 Koursk , built in 1992, launched in 1994, armed in December 1994, run accidentally on August 12th 2000
Four were assigned to the Fleet of the Pacific:
- K-132 Belgorod , armed in 1987
- K-173 Tchelyabinsk , armed in 1989
- K-150 Tomsk , armed in 1991
- K-456 Vilouchinsk (ex- Kasatka ), armed in 1991, affected with the Fleet of North, transferred to the Fleet from the Pacific in spetembre 1993
See too
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List of the classes of Russian and Soviet submarines