Circuit (displacement)

See also: Circuit

A circuit represents a Trajet fixed in advance which an object, an animal or a person must traverse. It is composed of straight lines and of Virage S. Its point of Départ can be its point of Arrivée, it forms a Boucle then.

A circuit is characterized by its length, its width, its turns and its environment. Sometimes, of the places are reserved for the spectators at the edge of the circuit.

One also speaks about tourist tour , in connection with routes which make it possible to connect various places being of common tourist interest, for example: the circuit of the Romance churches of Auvergne, the circuit of the Roman monuments of Provence, the circuit of the Caves decorated with the Dordogne, the circuit of the Gorges of Ardeche, etc…

History

Traces of the first circuits go back to very old civilizations, most impressive is surely that of the Circus Maximus. This circuit dedicated to the races of tank which can accommodate from 150.000 to 320.000 people, dates from the ancient Greece.

With the the Middle Ages, races on circuits are organized with Newmarket in England.

In 1909 the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, the first circuit of the kind is created.

Use

Each Sport speed uses circuits, such as the Alpine skiing, the Race on foot, the Bobsleigh, the Cyclisme, the horse-races, etc the circuits are very much used at the time of the motorized races, as in the automobile Compétition and the Compétition motorcylcist for example. In these cases, the circuit generally forms a loop, the first competitor which carries out a number of revolutions of defined circuit, gains the race. In the Hippodrome S, the horses follow a circuit buckles some which contains very few turns.

Imaginary sports use circuits, like Motorball in the manga Gunnm.

The hikers can go on traced routes (called also " circuits of randonnée"), those are generally not of loops, they give access environments where nature is protected.

The video games of race simulate sports of race, the circuits thus always present and are sometimes compared to levels. Each circuit is strewn with CheckPoint.

The Russian circuits of Montagnes are in loops, except the very first ones, without motorized traction the coaches could not go back to their starting point.

By extension, one speaks about circuit in economy, in particular while speaking about the way of a produced: of sound manufacturing with the final customer while passing by possible intermediaries. The circuits of Smuggling and the black-markets function on the same principle.

See too

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