Chronology of the wars of the Revolution and the Empire

Under Constituent the 1789-1791

1790

August 18th: first gathering counter-revolutionary with the camp of Jalès in Vivarais

1791

February 28th: conspiracy of the “knights of the dagger”
July 6th: the emperor of Austria Léopold II invites the sovereigns to act in concert against the Revolution
August 5th: “Declaration of peace in the world” of the Constituent
August 27th: Declaration of Pillnitz, warning statement of the powers to the French Republic

Under the Legislative one (1791 - 1792)

1791

December 12th - January 2nd: speech of Robespierre against the war

1792

January 25th: Ultimatum French in Austria
February 27th: military convention austro-Prussian
at the end of February: disorders counter-revolutionaries in Dauphine Lozere, , conspiracy of Rouerie in the West
March 12th: agreement of Prussia and the Russia for the division of the Poland
March 25th: new ultimatum of France in Austria
April 20th: war declared with the king of Bohemia and Hungary
July 11th: the ESA declares the “Fatherland in danger” (solemn declaration the 21)
July 25th: Proclamation of Brunswick threatening Paris of reprisals
August 22nd: royalist riots (the Dauphine Vendée, , Brittany)

Under Convention of Gironde (1792 - 1793)

1792

September 20th: the Bataille of Valmy stops the foreign invasion
September: The County of Nice and the Duché of Savoy are occupied
November 6th: victory of Dumouriez to Jemmapes, occupation of the Belgium
November 19th: France grants “fraternity and help” to all the people

1793

January 11th: royalist demonstration with Rouen
January 20th: assassination of the Furrier of Fargeau Saint by a royalist
January 21st: execution of the king
January 23rd: divide Poland between the Prussia and the Russia
: the France declares the war with the Great Britain and the Holland - 1st coalition (Austria-Prussia-Large-Brittany-Russia-Spain-Naples-Sardinia)
February 21st: decree on “L `amalgamates” volunteers and troops of line
February 24th: lifting of 300.000 men - difficulties in province
March 5th: stopped royalist rebellion with Lyon
March 7th: declaration of war to the king of Spain
March 17th: creation of the Republic of Mainz. On the motion of Forster, chair Club of the Jacobins mayençais.
March 18th: defeat of Dumouriez with Neerwinden
3 - April 5th: treason of Dumouriez
April 29th: beginning of the Marseilles insurrection
May 29th: beginning of the insurrection Lyon is born

Under mountain Convention (1793 - 1794)

1793

June 7th: federalistic rebellion with Bordeaux and in the Apple-brandy
June 8th: blockade of the French coasts by the British fleet
July 12th: royalist rebellion of Toulon
July 18th: victory of Vendean with Vihiers
In July, the French lose Mainz. ( to also see: History of Mainz)
August 23rd: decree on the levy in masse
August 25th: catch of Marseilles
August 27th: the royalists deliver Toulon to the British
4 - September 5th: popular riots with Paris - Terror is put at the day order - formation of a Parisian revolutionary army
6 - September 8th: French victory of Hondschoote
October 9th: capitulation of Lyon
October 16th: victory of Wattignies against the Austrians
October 17th: defeat of Vendean risen with Cholet
November 13rd: failure of Vendean in front of Granville
12 and December 23rd: Vendean beaten with the Mans by Marceau then with Savenay
December 19th: resumption of Toulon renamed Port-of-the-Mountain

1794

January 16th: Marseilles renamed City-without-Name
January 17th: Column S infernal of the Turreau general in the Vendée
March 27th: dismissal of the revolutionary army
May 29th: Dining Jourdan victorious with takes the command of the Army of Sambre-and-Meuse
June 1st: creation of the School of Mars replacing the old Military academy
June 2nd: battle naval with broad of Ushant, episode of the Avenger
June 21st: Paoli offers the Corsica to the king of Great Britain
June 25th: in Saint-Domingue Toussaint-Louverture joins itself the Republic
June 26th: victory of Fleurus against the Austrians
July 8th: catch of Brussels

Under Convention thermidorienne (1794 - 1795)

1795

January 20th: occupation of Amsterdam by the French
February 17th: agreements of Jaunaye between Notch and Vendean the
1st, April 2nd and 20 - May 23rd: insurrectionary days of Germinal-Meadow year III with Paris
April 5th: Peace of Basle between France and Prussia
April 10th: law disarming the terrorists and assigning them with residence
May 16th: treaty of alliance between the France and the Holland
23 - June 27th: unloading of emigrants with Quiberon
October 1st: annexation of the Belgium
October 5th: royalist insurrection against the Convention - Vendémiaire

Under the Directory

Under the first Directory (October 1795 - September 1797)

1796

February 25th and March 29th: the Vendean chiefs Stofflet and Cart are shot
March 2nd: general-in-chief Bonaparte of the army of Italy
March-April: victories of Bonaparte in Italy - Montenotte, Millesimo, Mondovi (April 21st)
April 28th: armistice free-Sardinian of Cherasco
May 10th: Lodi - arrest of Babeuf and his/her friends
May 20th: Bonaparte pays half of the pay in cash
May 23rd: rising antifrançais in the area of Pavia
June 4th: Kléber beats the Austrians with Altenkirchen
June 12th: the French troops invade Legations
June 23rd: the pope signs the armistice with Bologna
July 9th: Moreau victorious with Ettlingen
August 5th: Castiglione
August 23rd: Beaten Bernadotte with Neumarkt
August 24th: Moreau beaten with Amberg
September 8th: Bassano
October 14th: demonstration in Milan in favor of independence
October 16th: proclamation in Bologna of the Republic cispadane
15 - November 17th: combat of Arcole
December 15th: departure of the French fleet towards the Ireland

1797

January 14th: victory of Rivoli
February 2nd: Mantoue capitulates
February 19th: Treaty of Tolentino with the pope
20 - March 31st: French offensive towards the the Tyrol
April 17th: rising antifrançais with Vérone
April 18th: preliminaries of Leoben
April 20th: Moreau crosses the Rhine
May 27th: Babeuf and Darthé is guillotines
September 4th: coup d'etat anti-royalist of the 18 fructidor year V

Under the second Directory (September 1797 - brumaire year VIII)

1797

September 5th: laws of exception
October 17th: peace of Campo-Formio - Austria recognizes the annexation of Belgium
October 30th: an unloading in Great Britain is entrusted to Bonaparte, but in February 1798 advises to carry the war in Egypt
November 28th: congress of Rastadt

1798

January 11th: Berthier walks on Rome, enters there the February 11th
January 22nd: coup d'etat to $the Hague
January 28th: meeting of Mulhouse in France
February 15th: Roman republic
May 19th: the French fleet leaves Toulon for the Egypt
July 1st: unloading with Alexandria
July 21st: Battle of the Pyramids
: the destroyed French fleet with Aboukir by Nelson
September 5th: law Jourdan on the conscription
October 12th: beginning of the “War of the peasants” in Belgium
October 21st: rising antifrançais with the Cairo

1799

January 23rd: Championnet enters to Naples
January 26th: Neapolitan republic or parthénopéenne
February 15th: battle of El-arich
March 7th: catch of Jaffa
March 19th: sit of Saint-Jean-in Acre
March 25th: Jourdan beaten with Stokach
April 5th: Schérer demolishes with Magnano
April 29th: Souvarov with Milan
May 17th: Bonaparte raises the head office of Saint-Jean-D' Acre
June 4th: 1st battle of Zurich
June 19th: Macdonald beaten with Trébie
July 25th: victory of Aboukir over a Turkish army
August 5th: royalist rising in South-west
August 15th: Joubert killed with Novi
August 23rd: Bonaparte leaves the Egypt
August 27th: British unloading with the Helder
September 19th: Brown victorious with Bergen
25 - September 27th: battle of Zurich
October 9th: Bonaparte unloads with Fréjus, with Paris the October 16th

Under the Consulate (1799-1804)

1800

January 24th: Kléber sign with El Arich a convention of evacuation of Egypt with the Turks
March 18th: victory of Héliopolis against the Turks
June 14th: victory of Marengo - assassination of Kléber in Egypt, replaced by the general Menou
December 3rd: victory of Hohenlinden (Moreau)
December: the Tsar Paul Ier organizes a Ligue of the neutrals with the Baltic States

1801

February 9th: Treaty of Lunéville with the Austria
April 2nd: the British bombard Copenhagen - the Baltic States give up the League of the neutrals
August: the French obliged to evacuate the Egypt, the British remain Masters of the the Mediterranean
October 1st: Preliminaries of London - the Egypt returned to the Turkey, the the United Kingdom returns the majority of the French colonies
October 8th: Franco-Russian peace

1802

January: Bonaparte president of the Italian Republic
March 25th: Peace of Amiens with the United Kingdom
August-September: Bonaparte annexes the Piedmont and the isle of Elba then the duchy of Parma

1803

April 26th: the French threats the United Kingdom answers by a demanding ultimatum Malta and the evacuation of the Holland and Suisse
16 - May 17th: rupture with the United Kingdom, which refuses to evacuate Malta and declares the Embargo on the French boats - Bonaparte projects to unload in the United Kingdom starting from the Camp of Boulogne where the Large army (150 000 h.) is concentrated

1804

févr. - March: arrest of the chiefs of the royalist plot (Pichegru, brothers Polignac, Moreau, Cadoudal the March 9th)
March 15th: the Duke of Enghien, grandson of prince de Condé, is removed
March 21st: execution of the duke of Enghien on order of Bonaparte

Under the Empire (1804-1815)

1804

May 19th: nomination of the marshals of Empire
June 24th: execution of the chiefs of the royalist plot, of which Cadoudal

1805

April: the United Kingdom and Russia signs the Convention of Saint-Pétersbourg
May: Napoleon is crowned king of Italy and appendix Genoa in June
October 14th: victory of Ulm
October 21st demolished Trafalgar
November 15th: occupation of Vienna
December 2nd: victory of Austerlitz
December 15th: treated Schoenbrunn with the Prussia which receives the Hanover in exchange of Clèves, Neuchâtel and Ansbach
December 26th: Treaty of Presbourg with the Austria which is driven out out of Germany and Italy - fine of the 3rd coalition, the year 1806 sees the birth of the 4th coalition

1806

March: Joseph Bonaparte king de Naples
May-June: the Batavian Republic becomes Royaume of Holland whose Louis Bonaparte becomes the king
May 16th: the United Kingdom declares the blockade of the French coasts
July: Napoleon creates the Confederation of the Rhine (capital: Frankfurt), of which it is Protecteur - secret agreement Russia/Prussia
August 1st: disappearance of the Holy roman Empire Romain Germanique creates in 962 with François II gives up under emperor of Germany and becomes François Ier hereditary emperor of Austria
September 21st: institution of the " guards of honneur"
October: ultimatum of Frederic-Guillaume of Prussia requiring of Napoleon to evacuate Germany to the Rhine involves the rupture
October 14th: victories of Iéna and Auerstaedt
October 27th: Napoleon enters to Berlin
November 24th: Decree of Berlin declaring the British Isles in a state of blockade

1807

February: the British make a show of force in front of Constantinople
February 8th. : Battle of Eylau
June 14th: victory of Friedland
July 8th: Franco-Russian treaty of Tilsit - alliance with the (Russia, dismemberment of Prussia with kingdom of Westphalia entrusted to Jerome Bonaparte, Grand-Duché of Warsaw, Royaume of Saxony which enters Conf. from the Rhine
September: the British attack Copenhagen
November 11th. : the British declare good catch any ship not having to pay its customs duties in a British port
Nov.: Junot enters to Lisbon, Portugal refusing to close its ports with the British
December 17th. : Napoleon decides by the Décret of Milan British Isles in a state of blockade on sea as on ground

1808

March 9th: discovered first conspiracy of the general Malet
March 23rd: Murat enters to Madrid
2 - May 3rd: Back of Mayo - French repression against Spanish resistance
June: Joseph king of Spain, Murat king of Naples
July 14th: victory of Bessière to Medina of Rio Seco
July 22nd: the general capitulates in Bailen (Spain)
August 30th: Junot, driven out Lisbon, must capitulate with Cintra - the Iberian peninsula is lost by the French - hope of the national movements in all Europe
September 27th - October 14th. : interview of Erfurt between Napoleon and the Tsar Alexandre Ier of Russia
November 10th. - December 5th. : victories in Spain, Napoleon with Madrid
November 1808 - February 1809: sit of Saragossa

1809

March: 5th coalition between Austria, the United Kingdom and Spanish insurrectionary government
avr. : Austrian offensive in Bavaria - victory of Eckmuhl - revolt in the the Tyrol until in janv. 1810
May 11th: Napoleon enters to Vienna
May 17th: meeting with the Empire of all the States of the pope
22 - May 23rd: victory of Essling
5 - July 6th: victory of Wagram
July 30th: British unloading with Walcheren (Zealand) which re-embarks the September 30th (Expédition of Walcheren).
October 14th: Napoleon imposes the Traité of Vienna on the Austria

1810

févr. : the tsar Alexandre 1st threat the France in the event of restoration of the Poland; involve the Franco-Russian rupture

1812

June: resumption of the war, the Tsar carrying out one 6th coalition (with the the United Kingdom and the Sweden)
24 - June 26th: the Armed with the twenty nations (675 000 h.) walk towards Russia
August 17th: the Russians set fire to Smolensk
September 7th: Battle of Moskova
September 13rd: army france enters to Moscow - fire of the city
October 19th: the French Army leaves Moscow with retirement of Russia
23 - October 24th: the general Malet tries a coup d'etat, announcing the death of Napoleon, the culprits are shot the October 29th
25 - November 29th: Passage of Bérésina
December 16th: the remains of the army (18 000 h.) pass by again the Niémen with Kovno

1813

February 28th: treaty of alliance between Frederic-Guillaume of Prussia with the tsar
March 17th: Frederic-Guillaume launches a Call to the people announcing the war against France
May: victories of Lutzen and Bautzen
16 - October 18th: battles of the nations of Leipzig - loss of Germany
November 8th: after its victory of Vitoria in Spain, Wellington invades France
November 9th: Bases of Frankfurt - the Allies decide to preserve at France its integrity
December 8th: Napoleon returns to Ferdinand its crown of Spain
December 21st January 1st: three allied armies pass the Rhine
December 29th: the legislative Body condemns the continuation of the war and the suppression of political freedoms

1814

January 8th: reconstitution of the Parisian National guard
January 24th: Joseph named lieutenant-general of the Empire
: defeat of the Rothière
February 4th. - March 19th: talks of Châtillon
10 - February 13rd: victories of Champaubert, Montmirail, Castle-Thierry, Vauchamps against the Prussians of Blucher
16 - February 18th. : victories of Mormant, Nangis, Montereau
March 1st: pact of Chaumont - the Allies are committed not to conclude from separate peace and continuing the fight
March 12th: the royalists deliver Bordeaux to the British
March 20th: defeat of Arcis-on-Paddle, retirement of the French: Napoleon walks towards the east to cut the supply of the enemy
March 21st: loss of Lyon
March 28th: Joseph makes leave Paris with the imperial family
30 - March 31st: the Allies enter to Paris
April 1st: Talleyrand chief of a Provisional government
2 - April 3rd: the Senate and the legislative Body vote the forfeiture of Napoleon and his family - Napoleon harangue the Guard with Fontainebleau to take again the combat but the marshals refuse
April 4th: Napoleon abdicates in favor of the king of Rome

Under the 1st Restoration

1814

April 6th: Napoleon abdicates without condition with Fontainebleau - the Senate proclaims king Louis XVIII
April 10th: Wellington takes Toulouse
April 11th: convention with the Allies - Napoleon emperor of the isle of Elba
April 20th: good-byes of Fontainebleau to the old guard, Napoleon leaves for the isle of Elba
April 23rd: preliminary convention, the France delivers 53 fortified towns in Germany, Italy, Belgium - it returns to its limits of January 1st 1792
April 24th: Louis XVIII; coming from the United Kingdom, unloads with Calais
May 30th: treaty of Paris
June 4th: promulgation of the constitutional Charter establishing a Constitutional monarchy
November: opening of the Congress of Vienna

1815

January 3rd: Talleyrand, delegated to the Congress of Vienna, concluded a secret treaty from alliance with the Austria and the the United Kingdom to make failure with the tsar

During the Hundred Days

1815

February 26th: Napoleon leaves the isle of Elba
March 1st: he unloads with the gulf Juan
March 10th: he enters to Lyon
March 13rd: a solemn declaration of the Allies puts Napoleon at the round of applause of Europe
March 17th: it is with Auxerre where it joined the marshal Ney
March 19th: Louis XVIII leaves the Tuileries
March 20th: Napoleon enters to Tileries
March 25th: the Allies renew the Pacte of Chaumont
May 5th: the royalists take again the weapons in the Vendée - Military operations: the British army of Wellington unloads with Antwerp and the Prussian army of Blucher concentrates in Belgium, Napoleon goes ahead of of them to prevent their junction.
June 9th: final act of the Congress of Vienna
June 15th: the French Army crosses the Sambre with Charleroi
June 16th: Napoleon beats Blucher with Ligny
June 18th demolished Waterloo

Under the second Restoration

1815

June 22nd: Napoleon abdicates second once in favor of his son
July 3rd: the French Army capitulates, the British and the Prussians occupy Paris - Napoleon thinks of leaving to the the United States but a British squadron blocks the coast
July 8th: return of Louis XVIII
July 15th: Napoleon, having requested asylum from the British, embarks on the ship Bellérophon towards Sainte-Hélène. He dies there the May 5th 1821.
November 20th: second treaty of Paris, France loses the Duché of Savoy and must maintain an occupying army.

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