Christian calendar

The Christian calendar gathers the whole of the Christian festivals .

Terminology

According to the dates where they are celebrated a festival can être :
  • a festival fixes  : annual commemoration whose date is invariable  ;
  • a mobile festival  : annual commemoration whose date varies according to that of Easter, itself mobile, or are related to a fixed festival but are adjusted to correspond to one day of the week.

According to the nature of the celebration a festival can also être :

  • a festival of devotion  : commemoration facultative  ;
  • a festival of obligation or precept  : commemoration imposed by Église  ;
  • a festival been unemployed  : obligation marked civilly by a legal rest of a jour  celebrates; ;
  • a festival rung  : great festival (generally been unemployed, but that depends on the countries) announced as of the day before by chimes (in the Church, every Sunday is been unemployed and rung).

Chronological classification on the basis of on January 1st

Notes :
  •   C = catholic festival only   ;
  •   O = orthodoxe festival only   ;
  •   P = Protestant festival only .

Fixed festivals

Certain festivals on a fixed date compared to the civil Calendrier, which is solar  :

Movable feasts

The calculation of the Date of the movable feasts, and in particular of the date of Easter, is called Comput (of Latin computare , to calculate).

Other festivals are mobile but related to a fixed date of the calendar civil :

  • fifth Sunday before Noël : the Festival of Christ King   C. , last Sunday of the liturgical year   C   ;
  • fourth Sunday before Noël : first Sunday of the Advent   C   P , day of the Liturgical year   C   ;
  • third Sunday before Noël : second Sunday of the Advent   C   P , 8th day of the liturgical year   C (can coincide with the Immaculate Conception)   ;
  • second Sunday before Noël : third Sunday of the Advent   C   P , 15th day of the liturgical year   C   ;
  • last Sunday before Noël : fourth Sunday of the Advent   C   P , 21e day of the liturgical year   C .

All those which are related to Easter are fixed according to a lunar Calendrier and are thus mobile compared to the civil calendar. Easter is defined in the catholic liturgy like first Sunday which follows first full moon of Printemps.

  • ninth Sunday, 63 days before Pâques : the Septuagésime
  • sixth Tuesday, day before Ashes, 40 days before Palm Sunday: the fatty Tuesday   C
  • sixth Wednesday, 39 days before Palm Sunday: the Ash Wednesday   C
  • last Sunday before Pâques : the Palm Sunday
  • the last week before Pâques : the Holy Week
  • Thursday previous Pâques : the Maundy Thursday, celebration of the Eucharistie to commemorate the Cène   ;
  • Friday previous Pâques : the Good Friday, commemoration of Passion and the Crucifixion of the Christ   ;
  • first Sunday which follows (or which coincides with) first full moon according to the equinox of the printemps : Easter, celebration of the Resurrection (cf Comput)   ;
  • the Maundy Thursday, the Good Friday, Pâques : the Triduum pascal  ;
  • the shortly after Pâques : Easter Monday   ;
  • 3 days preceding the Rise, 36 to 38 days after Pâques : the Days of Rogations   C
  • sixth Thursday, 39 Days after Pâques : the Rise, Ascension Day
  • seventh Sunday, 49 days after Pâques : the Pentecost
  • Sunday after Pentecost, 56 days after Pâques : the Festival of the Holy Trinity
  • Thursday following the Trinity, 60 days after Pâques : the Corpus Christi

See too

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