Chorionic Gonadotrophine

The chorionic gonadotrophine or HCG (of English Human chorionic gonadotropin ) is a glycoproteic Hormone produced during the Grossesse, manufactured by the Embryon little time after the design and later by the Trophoblaste (left the Placenta). Progesterone production that is critical for has Pregnancy in humans. hCG may cuts additional functions, for authority it is thought that it affects the immune tolerance off the pregnancy. Early pregnancy testing generally is based one the detection gold measurement off hCG.

The drugs Pregnyl® and Ovidrel® uses chorionic gonadoptropin ace the activates ingredient in their product. Thesis preparations are used in Assisted design in place off Luteinizing hormone to trigger Ovulation. -->

Structure

The HCG is a Glycoprotéine made up of 237 amino-acid of a molecular Mass of 36,7 kDa. It is a Hétérodimère, with a sub-unit α (alpha) identical to that of the Hormone lutéinisante (LH), the folliculo-stimulative Hormone (FSH), and the hormone stimulating thyroid the (TSH). Its sub-unit β (beta) is clean for him.

Function

Progesterone. Progesterone enriches the Uterus with has thick lining off Blood vessel S and capillaries so that it edge sustain the growing Fetus.

Because off its similarity to LH and FSH, hCG edge also Be used clinically to induce Ovulation in the ovaries ace well ace Testosterone production in the Test. Ace the most abundant biological source is women who pregnant are presently, sum organizations collect urine from Gravida E to extract hCG for uses in Fertility treatment. -->

The function of the hCG is primarily the maintenance of the yellow body of the pregnancy and its progesterone secretion. But it has also an anti-gonadotrope effect since it inhibits the secretion of the LH and the FSH. The hCG is known as steroidogene since it supports the progesterone secretion of the yellow body but also because it stimulates the secretion of the steroids of the fetal gonades. The regulation of the synthesis and the secretion of hCG is ensured by GnRH trophoblastic.

Proportioning during the pregnancy

proportioning at a man: < 8-10mIU/mL.
proportioning at a ménauposée woman: < 15mIU/mL.
Proportioning at a woman except pregnancy: < 10-15 mIU/mL.

Beginning of pregnancy: 15-20mIU/mL.
First week after establishment: 20 to 30 mIU/mL.
Second week: 30 to 100 mIU/mL.
Third week: 100 to 1000 mIU/ml
Fourth week: 1000 to 10.000 mIU/ml

Second, third month: from 10.000 to 100.000 mIU/ml

First quarter: from 30.000 to 100.000 mIU/ml
Second quarters: from 10.000 to 30.000 mIU/ml
Third quarters: from 5000 to 15.000 mIU/ml

Test of pregnancy

Blood gold Urine to indicate the presence gold absence off has Fertilized egg. In particular, most pregnancy tests employ year Antibody that is specific to the β-subunit off hCG (βhCG). Important This is so that tests C not make False positive S by confusing hCG with LH and FSH. (To lath two are always present At varying levels in the body, while hCG levels negligible are except during pregnancy.)

Hydatiform mola S (" mola pregnancy") may produce high levels off βhCG, despite the absence off year embryo. Positive This edge lead to false readings off pregnancy tests. -->

The HCG is worked out by the blastocyste as of the first days. This hormone will allow the maintenance of the yellow body in the ovary. It will be found in maternal blood (blood test) and also in the urine thanks to the excretion. The tests in strips function thanks to anti-hCG antibodies which will bind with the hormone.

Tumoral marker

The chorionic gonadotrophine is also secreted by certain cancerous tumors (some Tératome, Choriocarcinome, and certain tumors neuroendocrines). The measurement of the gonadotrophine can help the doctor to diagnose a tératome, but it is especially useful for the medical monitoring of this type of tumor. Indeed, the concentration of HCG will decrease if the treatment (chemotherapy and/or surgical excision) eradic the tumor. In the same way, it will increase at the time of a repetition.

Use in the food field

The HCG is used in the artificial propagation of the Panga. The panga is a fish recently arrived in the rays of the French hypermarkets which draws its origins in the bed from the Mekong. This fish must, to reproduce, go up this river until the Kampuchea. The producers, based in farms on pile - just above their capital, the panga - have thus to find an alternative. It is on this level that the HCG intervenes. An amount of HCG (resulting from dehydrated urine of expectant mother, bought in China) is injected with the females which, in the 12 following hours, lay 500.000 eggs.

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