Choline
The choline (of the Greek kholê , Bile) is a Molécule of the family of the amino alcohols brought by the food or synthesized by the Foie. It is present in great quantities in the form of Phosphatidylcholine (also called lecithin) one of the Lipide S guaranteeing the integrity of the cellular membranes. The Acetylcholine, a Neuro-transmitter in particular implied in the central Nervous system, results from the connection Ester between choline and the acetic Acid .
Role
Choline has mainly three roles in the organization: it is constituent basic phosphatidylcholines, acetylcholine and is used as precursor with betain.
Source
Choline is largely present in the food, free, in the form of phosphatidylcholine or of Sphingomyéline. After absorption on the level of the Internal hail, choline is transported until the Foie then distributed in fabrics.
There exists also an endogenous origin of choline, by biosynthesis starting from an Amino-acid , the glycine. This one is transformed successively into Sérine, éthanolamine and Phosphatidyléthanolamine which undergoes three méthylations to give the phosphatidylcholine then choline.
Structure
Choline carries a function alcohol and a quaternary function amine. It is a positively charged molecule, of Chemical formula
(CH3) 3N+CH2CH2OH and of molar Masse 104,2 g.mol-1. Choline is also known under the name of (2-hydroxyéthyl) trimethylammonium.
Simple: Choline
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