Chloroform

The chloroform or trichlorométhane is a chemical Composé Organochloré having the empirical formula: CHCl3

Eugene Soubeiran and Justus von Liebig discovered the chloroform, prepared for the first time in 1841.

Strongly used like Solvent, chloroform tends to being replaced currently by the dichlorométhane with the similar properties but less toxic. Chloroform was formerly used like anesthetic in the operating room suites.

Physical properties

Chloroform is a highly volatile liquid. However the chloroform vapors do not form explosive mixtures with the air.

Chloroform is an excellent solvent for many organic materials such as greases, oils, resin S, waxes, etc It is completely miscible with many organic solvents and dissolves the Iode and the Soufre.

Chloroform forms many azeotropic mixtures with others liquid such as the Acétone, the ethanol, the Eau and the Méthanol.

This product tends to break up under the action of the light into giving carbon oxychloride (Phosgène), produces very toxic. Very pure, it causes cardiac paralyzes which can be mortals what condemns its use in anesthesia.

Production

The production of chloroform is related to that of others chlorocarbones. Indeed, one produces chloroform by successive Chloration of the Méthane or the Ethanol.

Another process uses methanol as reagent instead of methane. It is about a mixture of chlorination/hydrochloration which makes it possible to avoid the chlohydric separation of the acid of methane during the recycling of the unused reagent.

It can be obtained industrially by reaction of the Fer and acid on the Carbon tetrachloride.

One can also obtain chloroform more simply by treating acetone by the dichlore in the presence of alkalis. It is intermédiairement formed intermédiairement trichloracétone, substance which the alkali easily divides into chloroform and acetic salt:

CH3COCH3 + 3Cl2 + 2KOH → CH3COCCl3 + 3KCl + 3:00 2O

CH3COCCl3 + KOH → CH3COOK + CHCl3

Composed Organochlorinated S related

External bonds

  • Given physical
    • toxicological
  • INRS Information

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