The chewing-gum or chewing gum is a scented gum which one chews. It is American Thomas Adams, who, mixing Chiclé (latex resulting from the sapotier) with resin and syrup, manufactured and marketed into 1872 the first chewings-gum.

History of the chewing-gum

As of the Prehistory, the men chewed sap of Conifère. There is more than 2.000 years, the Mayas, in Mexico, mastiquaient of the sap of sapotier for muscler the jaws. The sap of this tree is very particular, it is a kind of latex. It is called the Chiclé (to pronounce “ tchiclé ”). In the United States, about 1860, chiclé is used in the manufacture of the chewing-gum. It is enough to add to it flavors and, of course, sugar to make a delicious chewing gum of it. Nowadays, the sapotiers became rare trees. Chiclé, natural product, was replaced by an artificial gum. The gum, the principal component of the chewing-gum, is now manufactured starting from artificial ingredients. One needs initially elastomer S. It is this substance which makes gum basic elastic. One needs then artificial waxes. They give to the chewing-gum its plasticized air and prevent it from sticking to the teeth! The basic gum is also made up of mineral substances, of the elements which one drew from the ground or on his surface. He is necessary to add to it artificial resins, which make it possible to bind all the ingredients of basic gum. Our gum contains finally a last ingredient, called Antioxydant, which protects it from ageing.

In the beginning, and in top-of-the-range markets as with the Japan it is containing Chicle and of Gélatine. As it is sticking when it dries it is authorized with Singapore only under very strict conditions.

It is often used to fight the Stress and éradiquer the bad breath. If it is without Sucre, the Dentiste S advise it to help to lower the Acidité in the mouth after the meals. Sweetened, it has the same disadvantages on health bucco - Dent surface as the Bonbon S and the confectioneries.

The chewing-gum was popularized in France in 1944 by the American . Indeed, the Armed forces of the United States provide to their soldiers chewings-gum since the First World War, because they contribute at the same time with the concentration and the combat of the stress. Recent studies showed that the chewing-gum can also improve the Humeur of that which consumes some.

In various markets, the chewing gum was associated with the collection small labels (the marks Malabar or Bazooka Joe for example) or temporary tattooings.

Consumption

More than 5 billion shelves are consumed each year in France. According to the Guinness Book of the records 2007 , the country which consumes the most chewing-gum per capita is the Andorre.

Preparation

; Preparation of basic gum The basic gum is a complex product to manufacture. The ingredients are proportioned with rigor to obtain more or less elastic gums. Chewing-gum or bubble-gum, it is not the same thing. The ingredients are mixed between 1 half a.m. and 2 hours in a Pétrin which functions like that of the bakers. Malaxation makes heat gum. It reaches at final temperature from 95 to 98 °C.

; The mixture of the ingredients One adds to this base the flavors, the sweetening substances or sugar like various additives. The basic ingredients and gum are mixed in a kneader during 15 to 20 minutes. At the end of the malaxation, the paste reaches a temperature of 50 approximately °C.

; Working One poured the paste to be chewed inside a extrusion machine. Quite in a hurry, it forms more or less thick bands now. The bands pass then in the rolling mill and are cut out either in shelves, or in cores of chewing-gum if one wants to manufacture dragees.

; The maturation of the paste After cooling, the shelves or the cores of dragees are maintained at a precise temperature and a moisture during 6 to 48 hours. This phase is very controlled, the quality of the chewings-gum depends on it.

; Conditioning It is the moment of the setting out of boxes! One calls this last stage conditioning. The shelves are wrapped in a packing in Aluminum to preserve all their savor. They are then put out of packages. The dragees were initially covered with sugar hardened before being packed in small cartons.

See too

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