Chevreuse

Chevreuse is a common department of the Yvelines, in the area Île-de-France, in France, located at approximately 18 km in the North-East of Rambouillet and at 31 km of Paris (Notre-Dame cathedral) by the road. The communal territory is located in interior limit of Paris and its suburbs.

The inhabitants are the Chevrotins . __TOC

Geography

The small town of Chevreuse is located at the limit of the Département of the Essonne, in the Vallée de Chevreuse where runs the Yvette affluent of the Orge, to 28 km in the South-west of Paris. The communal territory is included in the Regional natural park of the high valley of Chevreuse, whose Chevreuse lodges the seat.

The center town, built in the bottom of the valley, is surmounted on its northern side by the Château of the Madeleine. Several hamlets are located at the neighborhoods: Trottigny on the road of the Mesnil-Saint-Denis, Talou while going towards Rambouillet, and Hautvilliers on the heights in the north of the castle of the Madeleine.

The commune is bordering on Milon-the-Vault in the North-East, of Saint-Rémy-the-Chevreuse in the east, Boullay-les-Troux (the Essonne) in south-east, of Choisel in south-west, Saint-Forget in the west and Saint-Lambert in the North-West.

The principal road service road is the secondary road 906 which carries out, towards the east, in Saint-Rémy and beyond towards Gif-sur-Yvette in the Département of the Essonne and, towards south-west, with Cernay-the-City and beyond towards Rambouillet. In Chevreuse the secondary road starts 58 which leads towards the west to Dampierre-in-Yvelines as well as the secondary road 13 which leads towards the North-West to the Essarts-the-King.

In the railway plan, the station nearest is the Gare of Saint-Rémy-the-Chevreuse where starts the line B of the RER of the RATP.

History

The name of “Chevreuse” evokes a country of goats or roe-deers . The village is mentioned as of 980 in a bubble of the pope, under the name of Cavrosa .

At the 11th century, Guy Ier, lord of Chevreuse, begin the construction of a strong Château which dominates the village, the Château of the Madeleine. One undoubtedly owes him the Donjon builds 1030 with 1090 which, at the time, was surrounded by a wood palisade. The walls will probably appear only at the 12th century towards 1146. The village grows bigger. One practices drapery there, then the tannery. The village will be protected thereafter by an enclosure.

The city acquires a certain independence compared to its lord.

During the War One hundred Year old, Chevreuse passes under English domination.

Chevreuse, transformed into duchy by François I {{er}}, is offered by this last to its favorite Anne de Pisseleu.

In 1551, Dampierre and Chevreuse are bought by the Duc of Own way. Dampierre becomes the residence of the dukes of Chevreuse.

In 1693, Louis XIV acquires the duchy with an aim of increasing its Parc of Versailles, but ends up yielding it to the ladies Saint-Cyr military school, to which this field belongs until the Révolution.

Demography

Histogram
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PlotData= bar: 1793 At: 1650 fontsize: S text: 1650 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1800 At: 1685 fontsize: S text: 1685 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1806 At: 1619 fontsize: S text: 1619 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1821 At: 1565 fontsize: S text: 1565 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1831 At: 1507 fontsize: S text: 1507 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1846 At: 1683 fontsize: S text: 1683 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1856 At: 1750 fontsize: S text: 1750 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1866 At: 1989 fontsize: S text: 1989 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1872 At: 1892 fontsize: S text: 1892 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1881 At: 1734 fontsize: S text: 1734 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1891 At: 1808 fontsize: S text: 1808 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1901 At: 1826 fontsize: S text: 1826 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1911 At: 1949 fontsize: S text: 1949 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1921 At: 1767 fontsize: S text: 1767 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1926 At: 1893 fontsize: S text: 1893 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1936 At: 1971 fontsize: S text: 1971 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1946 At: 2114 fontsize: S text: 2114 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1954 At: 2339 fontsize: S text: 2339 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1962 At: 2744 fontsize: S text: 2744 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1968 At: 3409 fontsize: S text: 3409 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1975 At: 4186 fontsize: S text: 4186 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1982 At: 4811 fontsize: S text: 4811 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1990 At: 5027 fontsize: S text: 5027 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1999 At: 5364 fontsize: S text: 5364 shift: (- 10,5)

Culture

Inheritance

  • the priory Saint Saturnin was built at the 10th century.
  • the Castle of the Madeleine date of the 11th century. It shelters today the Maison of the Park , reception and seat of the Regional natural park of the High-Valley of Chevreuse. It is near this castle which is located a marble plate where four worms are engraved that Jean Racine dedicated to Chevreuse:
That I like myself on these mountains
Which rising jusques with the skies
Of a gracious diadem
Couronnent these beautiful campaigns.
  • the Saint Martin's day church dates from the 12th century.
  • the Castle of Méridon, more recent, was built at the 19th century. Some dates on this place:
    • 1382 : consent of the ground of Méridon;
    • 1598 : adjudication of the ground of Méridon with Jehan Péricart, consistent in house and old castle with drawbridges and ditches;
    • 1813 : a hovel, above castle of Méridon with garden and ditches around, occupied as benevolence…

Personalities related to the commune

  • the playwright Jean Racine remained with the Castle of the Madeleine in 1661. Today, the way which connects the abbey of Port-Royal-of-Fields to Chevreuse bears the name of way Jean Racine .

  • the creator of the name of the city close to Guyancourt would be Guy de Chevreuse according to the abbot Jean Lebeuf (1687 - 1760), historian and scholar, member of the Académie of the inscriptions and the humanities founded by Colbert in 1663. Guy de Chevreuse built the village " Guidonis Curtis" , i.e. court, the ground, culture of Guy.

Twin towns

Administration

Gallery

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