Chester Alan Arthur

Biography

Chester Arthur is born the October 5th 1830 in the county the Franklin one, in the State of the Vermont. It is graduate Union College of Schenectady, in the State of New York at 18 years. He becomes headmaster of a Lycée in Vermont and at 21 years the Droit studies. It is allowed with the bar at 24 years and starts to practice in New York.

During the American Civil War, in 1861, it occupies the post of general intendant by interim of his State before being appointed General inspector in the same station with the Brigadier general rank of . It takes again the practice of the right in 1862 and is named with the head of the Douane port of New York by president U. Grant of 1871 with 1878.

Although its Private life and its public career is honourable, C. Arthur is in favor of the system granting the positions of responsibility to the political friends. It manages the customs correctly but it engages more personnel than the needs because of their work to the profit of the Party.

In 1878, president Hayes replaces it with the head of the customs and following a political bargaining it finds like candidate of the Republican party to the vice-presidency with the elections of 1880. This last is assassinated and C. Arthur becomes president on September 20th, 1881.

Presidency

1881

September 20th: nomination of Chester Arthur, vice-president, as twenty-and-unième chair of the United States of America, following the assassination of president James Garfield.

1882

May 6th: the Congress votes a law prohibiting immigration coming from China in spite of the veto of president Arthur.

Foreign politics

The budget of the government comes mainly from the customs duties. As it is surplus and contrary to the platform of its Party, Arthur tries to negotiate with the Western countries of the trade agreements and to decrease the taxes. The States of the West and the South turn then to the Democratic party to try to reverse the current and this point becomes a major difference between the two parties.

It decides to modernize the military navy while making build boats with steel shielding and drove by the vapor.

Interior policy

Once president, C. Arthur puts himself at the mode as well on the vestimentary level as on that of his frequentations. The former director of the customs becomes a partisan of the reform of the services public and it receives the support, unwillingly, of the Congress under the pressure of the public following the Assassinat of J. Garfield.

In 1883, the Congress votes the law Pendleton which founds a Commission bipartisane civils servant, interdict to judge the holders of stations according to their political affinities and sets up a system of contest to provide certain stations. This system protects the employees from the government against the political dismissals.

Policy concerning the civic rights, the minorities and immigration

The government of C. Arthur issues the first federal law on the Immigration which excludes the poor ones, the criminals and the insane ones. The Congress suspends also Chinese immigration for one ten years period then in a final way.

Policy partisane

Throughout its presidency, Chester Arthur is maintained above the factions to the center, even above its Party. It knows perhaps that it suffers from a renal disease mortal and tries to leave a heritage. It leaves the presidency the March 3rd 1885 surrounded of the general respect whereas many people were wary of him with its nomination.

Death

C. Arthur dies the November 18th 1886 56 years old.

Simple: Chester A. Arthur

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