See also: Charles of Lorraine
Charles II of Lorraine , known as Bold the , born in 1364, died with Nancy the January 25th 1431, was duke of Lorraine of 1390 with 1431. He was the son of the duke Jean Ier and Sophie of Wurtemberg.
He should have been numbered Charles Ier of Lorraine , but, at the next century, the Lorraine historiographers, wanting to establish the legitimacy of the dukes of Lorrraine and Own way and to attach them directly to the Carolingians, incluèrent in the list of the dukes the Carolingian Charles († 991), duke of Low-Lotharingie.
Biography
In its youth, it had been very dependant with Philippe II Bold the, duke of Burgundy; they had been comrades in arms on several occasions. It continued initially the policy initiated by his father, moving away from the court of France to approach Burgundy. It had in more one distrust with respect to Louis of Orleans which had supported the inhabitants of Neufchâteau at the end of the reign of the duke Jean Ier of Lorraine, and which supported the emperor Wenceslas of Luxembourg, which will be deposited and replaced by the father-in-law of Charles.
It took part in several forwardings of Croisades:
- in 1391 with Tunis
- in 1396 with Nicopolis, with Jean of Nevers, wire of Philippe Bold the
- in 1399, Livonie at the sides of the Knights Teutoniques.
In 1400, the Princes Électeurs deposit the Wenceslas emperor and elect in his place Robert de Wittelsbach, Count Palatine of the Rhine and father-in-law of Charles II.
Multiple incidents in 1405 and 1406 oppose the sergeants of the duke to the royal officers in the French strongholds wedged in the duchy and Louis of Orleans, which had received in pledge the duchy of Luxembourg wanted to create a principality in the area. With the head of a coalition formed by the dukes of Bar, of Luxembourg and Namur, it attacked the duchy of Lorraine, but was overcome with the Printemps 1407 with the Corny-on-Moselle, then in July 1407 with Champigneulles. The assassination of the duke from Orleans to Paris the November 23rd 1407 put an end to this war, and Charles adopted the Bourguignons in the civil war which opposed them to the Armagnacs. It however avoided engaging in the Franco-English conflict and the call of the king in 1415 did not answer, although his/her brother Ferry I {{er}} fought with Azincourt and was killed there. The same year, the queen Isabeau of Bavaria named it Connétable of France in the place of Bernard VII of Armagnac, but it quickly gives up asserting this load.
Jean without Peur is assassinated in 1419 and Charles II modifies his policy to adopt a position of neutrality between the France and the Burgundy. Indeed, Philippe III the Good, the new duke of Burgundy, unifies the Netherlands (which corresponds to current the Benelux), and its possessions are composed in two units territorial, separated by the Champagne and the Lorraine. This policy of neutrality, then a bringing together with the king Charles VII, will enable him to face the Burgundian threat, and also to negotiate the marriage of its heiress Isabelle with the capétien Rene of Anjou, brother-in-law of Charles VII and especially heir to the Duché of Bar.
But its nephew Antoine de Vaudémont does not agree to be isolated succession and Charles II must fight it in 1425, without much success.
With the beginning of the year 1429, Charles II, patient, makes come Jeanne d' Arc in pilgrimage to Saint-Nicolas-of-Port, but this one reproaches him its life dissolue and advises to him to return its mistress, Alison of May. Without taking its advice, it will give him a troop so that she goes to Chinon. He dies two years later.
Marriage and children
He marries in 1394 Marguerite de Wittelsbach (1376 † 1434), girl of Robert de Wittelsbach, Count Palatine of the Rhine, then Germanic emperor, and of Elisabeth de Hohenzollern. They had:- Isabelle (1400 † 1453), duchess of Lorraine, married in 1420 with Rene Ier of Anjou.
- Louis, dead young
- Raoul, dead young
- Catherine (1407 † 1439), married to Jacques I {{er}} of Bade (1407 † 1453), margrave de Bade
Of its Alison mistress of May (assassinated in Nancy in 1431), it had:
- Jean, bastard of Lorraine, lord of Darnieulles
- Ferry of Lunéville, bastard of Lorraine, listed in 1425
- Catherine, bastard of Lorraine, listed in 1425
- Isabelle, bastard of Lorraine, married in 1425 in Henri de Liocourt
Sources
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