Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont

Its family

Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is the son of the captain of cavalry Joseph Leclerc de Landremont (° February 8th, 1706 with Azoudange) and of Marie Anne de Morlot. Its family was maintained in her nobility. Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is rider in 1789, count in 1795. He is the downward one of the painter Jean the Clerk and of Jean II the Clerk. He was in 1665 captain with the regiment of the general of Mercy and took part inter alia in the Bataille of Vienna, in 1683. To deliver Vienna (Austria) Turkish threat, it belonged to this avant-garde of 3.000 riders, with the orders of the general of Mercy, which crossed Wienerwald and faced hundreds of thousands of Othomans.

Biography

Before the French revolution

Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is first of all officer of cavalry. He is quoted as captain of dragons, with Nancy, knight of the Temple, member of the Stricte observance. At the time, in 1786, he is first mate with the regiment of Schomberg-dragons, confined with Mirecourt.

After thirty years of service in the army, he is major since May 1st 1788, with the regiment of Schomberg-dragons, future 17th regiment of dragons, with Commercy. He is also as of 1786, knight of the royal and military Ordre of Saint-Louis, more exactly on January 16th 1785.

At the time of the convocation of the General states of 1789, the official report of assembly of the three Orders, prévôtés bailliagères of Sarrebourg and Phalsbourg, us says that Charles-Hiacinthe Leclerc de Landremont, rider, knight of the royal and military Ordre of Saint-Louis, major to the regiment of Schomberg-dragons is appointed of the nobility.

Officer with the Armed with the Rhine

In 1791, Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is promoted Lieutenant-colonel and colonel on July 12th 1792, brigadier on October 5th 1792. Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is employed under the orders of the general Custine. Landremont is always with the avant-garde.

It conquers the principality of Deux-Ponts, in 1792.

Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is far from being also happy in front of Carlsberg.

December 13rd, 1792, Leclerc de Landremont pushes back the Imperial ones to their batteries of second line, and threatens Konsaarbruck, but is attacked by enemy troops of reserve.

April 2nd, 1793: Landremont, remained on left bank of the Lauter (river), with an avant-garde of six battalions and 2.000 horses, confined with Steinfeld, Schaidt, and Frekenfeld covers the communication between Weissembourg and Landau.

May 6th, 1793, Landremont attacks the brigade and position of Herxheim drives out. Our avant-garde to 4.000 engaged men, and led to Landau had encircled a considerable convoy of vivres and ammunition and reinforcements.

May 17th, 1793: Custine, with a division of the camp of Geisberg and the avant-garde with the orders of Landremont, advances on the main road of Landau towards Impflingen. Landremont pushes back with strength the Austrians who endeavor to emerge on the side of Germensheim. In this combat, this time at the rear-guard the reputation of Landremont deserved well increases by it.

May 18th 1793, Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is high with the Major general rank of .

avant-garde of six battalions and 2.000 horses, confined with Steinfeld, Schaidt, and Frekenfeld covers the communication between Weissembourg and Landau.

May 18th 1793, Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is high with the Major general rank of .

July 19th, 1793: the general of Landremont, with the constant avant-garde of the left wing, leads to Franckweiler and drives out the enemies. Only the army of Cop succeeds in taking again Zeiskam.

Commander-in-chief of Armed with the Rhine

Pierre-Charles Ruamps, appointed sent to the district-general of the Armée with the Rhine names on August 25th 1793 Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont, commander-in-chief, in place of Alexandre François Marie de Beauharnais which it relieves on September 29th.

Actually, Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is already the commander-in-chief, in place of Alexandre François Marie de Beauharnais which is sick.

But it takes really its functions on August 18th, 1793. The 20, the enemy attack with considerable forces on all the face. The republicans fold up themselves. The following day, the Landremont general wants to make attack united in their new position. But this company not having succeeded, the division of right-hand side returns in its camp of Lauterbourg. United attack. The regiment of emigrated Rohan is pushed back in the throats of Berzgabern.

It there no success marked on both sides in August and September 1793. Landremont tries 2 passages of the Rhine in vain. One with Extremely-Louis, the other with Kehl…

August 22nd, 1793, this Pierre-Charles Ruamps writes Wissembourg: It is absolutely necessary to drive out center of the republic the egoistic rich person who want neither to provide us subsistence, nor to fight with us against the despots, should be confiscated all their goods with the profit of the republic .

Leclerc de Landremont is thus named because of its republican ideas and of its supposed popular origins. It is true also that it is unceasingly with the avant-garde and demolishes the Austrians.

It creates the Hussards of the body of the Partisans of the Army of the Rhine.

Its arrest, the prison

But this task of commander-in-chief of the Armée with the Rhine is immense. Already, of the deputies on mission, like Carnot, announces its nomination with Convention, but request either its replacement, or its official nomination. Courage is not enough! It must unceasingly justify its acts, in particular with Jean-Baptiste Lacoste, appointed Cantal. September 29th 1793, Charles Hyacinthe de Landremont is him also suspended, issued arrest and conduit with the Prison of the Abbey in Paris, without knowing the reason of it. Antoine Guillaume Delmas pretext his role in the defense of Pram and refuses to replace it.

Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is ordering only from August 18th to September 29th, 1793, by interim until August 23rd, then temporarily. The lines around Wissembourg having been forced, in spite of its obstinate resistance becomes inevitable then. Beauharnais and Landremont was successively struck by the anathema launched against all thenoble ones. The Jacobins suppose treason everywhere.

Actually the charge comes moreover higher. Maximilien de Robespierre regards it as dangerous. It details the control of Landremont: noble and very-noble, filled favors of the tyrant , and who, as that is very simple, had not done anything of the excellent troops that it ordered . Maximilien de Robespierre also speaks about a perfidious general . He shows the Brissotins and the right-sided of the mountain Convention to support it.

But it is Duroy which declares that the general Landremont had rendered great services to the Republic . However, this Jean-Michel Duroy is of nothing a Brissotin and right-sided of the mountain Convention, he is a partisan of the Montagne. He advises however to maintain at their stations with the armies officers who had misfortune to be born noble, are not less Sans-culotte . He asks so that to relieve a general the executive power give the reasons of them to the mountain Convention. At the time of his lawsuit, Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont specifies that all his/her brothers and his/her cousins voluntary and had left to fight to defend the fatherland.

Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont finds freedom with the fall of Maximilien de Robespierre the Thermidor 9 year II (July 27th 1794). He is named, at the beginning of year III, General inspector of the troops with horse, in the 17th military division of Paris.

Shipwrecked men of Calais

Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont is employed on the coasts of the north of France. In November 1795, in Calais, it saves shipwrecked men, who are for some of them French emigrants, because it crait that the Jacobins massacre them. The general of Landremont starts by making free all the shipwrecked men who are of foreign nationality. The public prosecutor, of the name of Kid, it second. The Minister for justice puts himself in anger and creates a special subcommittee to judge the 53 survivors with Saint-Omer and taken the weapons with the hand show them to be emigrants. This commission declares itself inefficient because of the reactions of the inhabitants of the area and an English member of Parliament and asks so that he be judged by a military tribunal. Merlin of Douai makes relieve the general of Landremont for obliging slownesses towards the emigrants shipwrecked men in Calais and sends threats to the judges. The military tribunal is declared inefficient. The shipwrecked men will be held under lamentable conditions during years. Several will die or become insane

Charles Hyacinthe Leclerc de Landremont takes his retirement in 1796 (year IV). Of a too advanced age, or perhaps because of its attitude, it will not take part in any battle under the First Empire. It is withdrawn in Nancy.

Its name will belong to the Noms engraved under the Triumphal arch of the Star.

Descent

Leclerc de Landremont is stopped in 1816 to have belonged to the Conspiration of the black pin , aiming at reversing the Bourbons, but its first name is not specified

Its grand-daughter, Aglaé Lasthénie, Marie in 1825 with Burgundian François-Xavier of Hervilly, man of letters, vice-chancellor of university, in the presence of Claude-Antoine-Gabriel de Choiseul, Duke of Choiseul, Even of France and the general Maximilien Sebastien Foy, of the baron Prosper Brugière de Barante, Even of France and Mr. Cordier, director of the fields.

Another of its downward, Lucie-Marie Leclerc de Landremont (1847-1907) is the wife of Eugene-Louis de Robespierre (1842-1912).

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