Chahid

Chahîd that is a which one regards as a martyr for the Islam (Arab: شَهيد, Martyr). The direction of the Arab word is close to that of the Greek word (μαρτυρος, pilot ) since the word chahid (I short) (شَهِد, pilot; spectator ) means him also pilot. It is obviously a question of testifying to its faith.

Whereas in the Christianity, a martyr offers his life in sacrifice passively, as Jesus-Christ offered his, in testimony of its faith, the concept of martyr in Islam can differ radically. A soldier who dies as a combatant is regarded as a martyr.

In Shiite Islam , the Taqiya authorizes the dissimulation of its faith to escape the danger, the risk to be in the position of the Christian martyr is thus very reduced. On the other hand and contrary to the Christian design, the combatant of the jihâd which dies in the combat is a martyr. For the Shiites, the principal martyrs are Ali fourth caliph, assassinated by the kharijites in 661 and his/her son Husayn, who found death in Kerbala in a battle against the caliph Yazid Ier in 680.

Are the authors of Attack-suicides martyrs? The Moslem scientists answer this question yes because they compare them to combatants of the jihâd. But for the general direction of the term, one should not confuse combatant, i.e. Soldat defending a ground or an idea, and Kamikaze Terroriste, i.e. " sower of terror " via assassinations with large scales and wanting to impose its ideas by the force.

The combatants falling during the Jihâd are put at the row of the martyrs, the combatant sees themselves promising the Paradise:

That those which want to exchange the life present against that of beyond fight in the way of God! Whether they succumb or that they are victorious, We will grant a generous reward to them.

the Coran IV; 74