Chaconne
The chaconne , or more rarely chaconne - one finds also the name Italian ciaccona , is a musical genre applied to 18th and 18th centuries.
Initially, the chaconne is a popular Danse of Hispanic origin or Spanish-American and the sung piece of music which accompanies it. Transplanted then in other countries of Europe, it becomes a noble dance of character there then is approached by the instruments, in Orchestre or soloists. It is then a part of great proportions, in binary measure or ternary, slow and solemn, based on the repetition and the Variation of a topic in general including/understanding 4 or 8 measurement S with recovery. The origin would be the form “Rondeau” (another dance) with refrain and verses, the latter realizing of the variations of the refrain, from where impression of repetition.
At this stage of its evolution, it becomes indistinguishable Passacaille, because the names seem interchangeable according to the type-setters: Louis Couperin entitles one of its parts “chaconne or passacaille”; François Couperin makes in the same way in its first continuation for Viole (passacaille or chaconne) and seems to avoid the problem by naming one of its compositions for harpsichord the amphibian ; according to Mattheson, the chaconne is slower than the Passacaille but D' Alembert says the opposite, etc
These two parts are built according to three processes which can combine:
- the rondo (a refrain repeated between varied verses);
- melody or rhythmic variation;
- the low stubborn person (reason set of themes repeated with low).
The chaconne is used in an occasional way in the Suite of dances, of which it is almost always the final part. It is also often used, in France, like final piece of the important lyric parts: lyric tragedies, opera ballets.
This great kind marked by the slowness and the solemnity of the tempo, measurement at 3 times and the principle of the Ostinato is indissociable kind Baroque and found its ground of election in the type-setters of such as Frescobaldi, Couperin, of Anglebert, Chambonnières, Buxtehude… and Bach.
Some famous chaconnes (and remarkable)
- for orchestra: Branch, final chaconne of the the gallant Indies ;
- for Harpsichord: chaconnes of Louis Couperin;
- for Organ: Buxtehude, ciacona BuxWV 159 ;
- for Violin: Bach, chaconne of the '' 2 {{E}} in minor D ''.
Media
Discography
- Chaconne (Brahms, Busoni, Lutz, Bach). Edna Stern (piano) and Amandine Beyer (violin). ZigZagTerritoires.
- Chaconnes (Marin Marais) Jean Coal louis (Bass viol) Integral of the 4th Book of parts of viol
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