Châteauneuf-of-Bordette

Châteauneuf-with-Bordette is a common French, located in the department of the Drome and the area the Rhone-Alps.

Geography

The commune of Chateauneuf de Bordette is formed by two valleys, that of Bordette in north and Rieu Sec in the south. These two rivers are all the two affluents of Eygues. It is bordered by two chains of medium mountainss, dominated by Large Garde in the west (944 meters) and by the mountain of Autuche in the east (965 meters). The geology of this commune is particularly complex: one located there at the XIXe century of the lignite seams which were never exploited. With the farm of the Mill, round stones seem to leave the bed of a river.

History

The commune of Chateauneuf de Bordette was formed starting from a seigniory which gathered starting from XIe century the Eastern slopes of the mountains of Essaillon and Large Guard, the Western slopes of the mountain of Autuche and Peytieu, as well as the two valleys which separate them, that of Rieu Sec in the south and that of Bordette in north. In the center of the valley, a castle, located at the foot of Large Guard, protected a village installed downwards and controlled the passage between Mirabel in Baronnies and Plunder Them.

This territorial organization, resulting from feudality, gives however rather little an account of the former shapes of organization of the territory.

The oldest trace of human occupation found on the territory of the commune is a sword, discovered at the end of the XIXe century and dated from the age of iron (towards 750 before JC). It is preserved today at the Calvet Museum of Avignon.

The Roman period gallo left few traces on the territory of the commune, but of the tombs with tiles punts were found in the district of Ratter. A villa, listed in 1023, in the north of the commune and which was called Pupianne (today Perdigons), was perhaps of Roman foundation gallo.

In 1023, at the time of a donation of the castrum of Altonum to the abbey of Cluny, in Burgundy, several sites, villae or castri of the area of Nyons are quoted, of which the villa of Pupianne, as well as the castrum of Pictavis (today Peytieu), located on the territory of Chateauneuf de Bordette in limit with the territory of Benivay-Ollon. The ditches of this castrum were located in the years 1990, by Michele Bois, archeologist. This charter of donation shows especially that the territory of Chateauneuf de Bordette was integrated, at the beginning of XIe century, in a more important unit, pertaining to the same family called Mirabel, and who included/understood a good part of the grounds located at the south and the east of the course of Eygues, since Plunder until Mirabel.

Chateauneuf de Bordette knew during XIe, XIIe and XIIIe centuries one boom without precedent. It is for this period that four churches were built: Saint-Pierre de Pupianne (disappeared), Saint-Michel and Saint-Quenin (who remain, even if they were rebuilt at least once since). Another vault, dedicated to Notre-Dame (disappeared), was perhaps that of the castle. The seigniory belongs to the beginning of XIIIe century with the family of Valréas which into ready homage to Montauban. Like the whole of the goods and rights of this family, Chateauneuf de Bordette passes under the suzerainty of the Dolphin of Viennese in 1315 then of king de France in 1349.

XIVe and XVe centuries are crisis periods economic and demographic which involve the abandonment of most of the territory of the seigniory, except perhaps for the district of Pupianne in north. It is necessary in makes probably await the end of XVe century so that the territory of the commune is repopulated, on the initiative of the lord of then, Thollon of Holy-Jalle, which yields the grounds given up against the promise of a yearly rental. The families which settle then in Chateauneuf de Bordette will end up giving their names to the majority of the hamlets of commune (Lattards, Mayets, Chamoux, Gleyses, Roustans, Liotards, etc). They give up also the houses of the old village, located at the foot of the hill dominated by the castle and which was surrounded by a wall. At the time of the Reform, the families located at the north of the Collar of the Red Cross adopt Protestantism mainly, whereas that which reside at the south remain catholic. The geographical caesura becomes thus a religious rupture.

With XVIIe and XVIIIe centuries, the inhabitants seek to gradually conquer a certain autonomy with regard to a lord who remains rather remote. They should exploit a very sloping soil, rather poor and their children are often constrained to exile themselves to settle in more prosperous regions. Also, the population of Chateauneuf de Bordette, which knew a maximum in the middle of XVIe century, regresses during second half of XVIe century and is maintained during the two following centuries to a hundred inhabitants approximately.

It is necessary in makes sometimes wait the XIXe century so that the population increases again and that new grounds are exploited, at the price of significant efforts, as the terraces of the district of Perdigons show it. The clearing is in fact only of short duration since, as from the years 1870, the population regresses gradually to reach a minimm of 20 inhabitants in 1962. Since the middle of the years 1980, the common one saw its population increasing, and the new arrivals, more than elsewhere in the area, could be integrated.

Administration

Demography

Economy - Agriculture

The seven farms, located in the commune of Chateauneuf de Bordette, are marked by the mixed-farming. They produce in particular olives of olives of Nyons AOC and olive oil of Nyons, apricots (orange of Provence), picodon AOC, local wines of the Slopes of Baronnies and market-gardening productions. Three of them specialized in biological productions (truck farming, black olives of Nyons and olive oil of Nyons, apricots).

Places and monuments

the church Saint-Michel , of medieval foundation, is the parish church. It is about a building modified with many recoveries during the following centuries. It includes/understands a nave, a transept formed by two side chapels and a semicircular chorus but with flat bedside. Since the XIXe century, the church is not directed any more and the access is done from now on by the east (old chorus).

The vault Saint-Quenin is a building of medieval foundation. It was surrounded by a cemetery which has from now on disparu.>Elle is directed and composed of an arched nave and a circular semi chorus, arched in bottom of furnace. The originality of this vault is due to the concise marks of the stones of the door and one of the Western fenêtes. Certain marks, very deeply dug, do not seem to be marks of drudge. On a stone of the window, a man was represented. There some wanted to see one orant, others a warrior bogomile.

With the Firm of the Mill (private), round stones seem to leave the bed of a small river. This geological formation is not clearly explained. These stones were used as balls with the Middle Ages and until XVIe century.

The site of Perdigons is classified in ZNIEFF with the whole of the mountainous solid mass of Large Guard and Essaillon. A colony of fawn-coloured vultures niche since several years in the rock face which dominates this district in the west. The common one also bought an old ruined farm. It created a path of discovery, at the beginning of the farms of Perdigons which makes it possible in particular to discover many dry stone terraces.

Personalities related to the commune

The Renaud singer married Romane Serda, originating in the village, with the town hall of Châteauneuf-at-Bordette on August 5th, 2005.

Random links: