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Atoum or Toum is a god of the Egyptian Mythologie.

He was born from Noun, the personification of the paramount Océan. In the genesis of the Egyptian Gods, Atoum occupies the place of the creator. It is him which of its seed will create the first divine couple, Chou and Tefnout, from which the principal gods will go down from the ancient Egypt (large Ennéade).

The explanation of the creation of the first couple varies according to the traditions, Atoum not having any partner to procreate. According to a first legend, creative God masturbates, and it is of its sperm that are born Chou and Tefnout. According to one second legend, it is through its spittle that it gives them birth. Lastly, a last legend says that it generates his children of its simple word, by naming them; what does not go without evoking the creation of the world according to the Bible, where God there too creates the matter simply by naming it. It was as said as they is tears of Atoum, crying following the distance of his children, that would have been born the men.

God of Héliopolis having for crowned animals the Eel and the Ichneumon (or the snake and the lion according to the sources), it is represented under the appearance of a capped man of the Double High crown of and Low-Egypt and holding in the hands the sceptre Ouas and the ansée Croix (Ânkh).

In the beginning, Atoum is the god sun, but it will lose little by little its capacity with the profit of Re, which will end up replacing it in the Egyptian Pantheon. Under the name of Re-Atoum, under the aspect of a curved old man, it incarnates the sun and particularly with the setting one.

In the divine world, it keeps the account of the years of reign of each sovereign.

The bull Mnévis (Mr.-wr), chosen by the priests according to very strict criteria, was the terrestrial incarnation of Atoum. The crowned bull was kept in the temple of Héliopolis and, with its death, it was buried with all the honors.

Simple: Atum

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