Casimir Ier de Cieszyn

Casimir Ier de Cieszyn (in Polish Kazimierz I Cieszyński ), from the dynasty of Piasts, was born between 1280 and 1290, and died in 1358.

Titles

Casimir Ier is Duc of Cieszyn (starting from 1315), of Siewierz (starting from 1337) and of Bytom (starting from 1357). In 1327, it became a Vassal of the Bohemia.

Biography

Casimir is the second wire of the duke Mieszko de Cieszyn. He is the younger brother of Ladislas d' Oświęcim. When their father dies towards 1315, it is Casimir who inherits most of the paternal Duché, with Cieszyn like capital.

In 1321, Casimir marries Euphémie, the girl of the duke Trojden I {{er}} of Czersk. This marriage marks the one long period beginning of privileged relations between the lines Piast of Cieszyn and Mazovie.

At the beginning of his reign, Casimir maintains positive ratios with Ladislas the Brief, the duke of Cracow which becomes king of Poland in 1320. Between 1321 and 1324, the duchy of Cieszyn undergoes several attacks of the Lituaniens, the allies of Ladislas the Brief. Casimir turns then to Bohemia and returns a Hommage of Vassal ité to the king de Bohême Jean of Luxembourg the February 18th 1327 with Opava. The February 23rd 1327, Casimir concludes an agreement with Jean from Luxembourg by which its descendants will be able to inherit the duchy and by which the duchy can preserve a broad autonomy. Poland will recognize the rights of Bohemia on Cieszyn at the time of the peace treaty of Namysłów of 1348.

Casimir endeavors to prevent the crumbling of his territory. Therefore it designates one successor among his five sons. Casimir also endeavors to increase his territory. In 1337, it buys to the duke Bytom the area of Siewierz. It also receives from the duke of Brzeg the area of Namysłów in pledge. He asserts also the succession of the duchy of Koźle and Bytom, thanks to what he obtains half of the duchy one year before his death (the duchy of Bytom with Bytom, Gliwice, Toszek and Pyskowice). On the other hand, it does not succeed in obtaining the duchy of Racibórz when Lech de Racibórz dies out in 1336 without leaving of descendant. Jean of Luxembourg gives the duchy to Nicolas II of Opava, the last one representing dynasty of the Prémyslides.

Like his father, Casimir endeavors to develop the cities. He also rebuilds the Château of Cieszyn.

Death and succession

Casimir Ier de Cieszyn dies in 1358. He is buried in the Crypte of the church of the Dominicains of Cieszyn.

Of its marriage with Euphémie de Mazovie, it had 5 wire and 4 girls. His/her son Przemyslaw succeeds to him the head of the duchy of Cieszyn.

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