Casamance

The Casamance ( “Kasa” ) is a historical and natural area Senegal located at the south-west of the country, between the Gambia and the Guinea-Bissau, and composed of the administrative areas of Ziguinchor and of the Kolda.

It draws its name from the river Casamance. Its inhabitants is the “Casamançais”. The majority Ethnie in Casamance is the people Diola whose language is the Diola ( jóola ) with the Dialecte S Boulouf, Fogny and Kasa.

More the big cities of Casamance are: Ziguinchor, Bignona, Oussouye, the station of tourism of Cape Skirring located in Ziguinchor and Kolda, Sédhiou, Vélingara located in Kolda.

Casamance, also called country “Flup” of the name of the Diola kingdom which covered this area, is a country of Forêt S, of Fleuve S and of Rivière S. It generated historical characters having fought against the Colonisation Western still now present in the memories, like Djinabo Badgi or Aline Sitoé Diatta (or Alyn Sytoe Jata, or Aline Sitow Diatta).

In the Années 1950 with 1970 the Chinese imported in Casamance of the techniques of culture of the Riz.

History

See also: Conflict in Casamance

  • 1456 : Alvise Cadamosto, navigator Venetian explores the river located at the south of Gambia belonging to a black king the Kasa Mansa, the king of Kasas (Diola sub-group).
  • 1570 : Andre Alvares Amada, navigator Portuguese goes up the river Casamance and meets Kasa Mansa with Birkama.
  • 1645 : Foundation of the town of Ziguinchor by the Portuguese.
  • 1837 : Purchase of a ground by France where it build the fortress of Seju (Sédhiou) .
  • 1851 : Taken Karabane by France, which proclaims its sovereignty on Kagnut and Samatyt.
  • 1860 : signature of treaties by the French with several villages of the Boulouf: Tendouck, Elana, Mangagoulack, and others.
  • 1878 - 1880: Invasion of the Fogni by Fode Kaba.
  • 1886 : Ziguinchor becomes French by signature of a convention between France and Portugal.
  • 1892 : Installation of the CFAO, (French Company of Western Africa) of Marseilles origin with Ziguinchor.
  • 1901 (March 23rd): Died of Fode Kaba.
  • 1901 : Installation of a French company with Bignona.
  • 1903 : Arrest of the king Sihalebe Jata ( or Diatta ) by military error: the king is a priest with the naked hands. This arrest made Seju a crowned city.
  • 1905 : Separation of the Portuguese mission and the French mission with Husuy (Oussouye) after the final delimitation of the borders between Portuguese Guinea and the French territories.
  • 1908 : Advent of Jankebe, king de Husuy, successor of Sihalebe Jata.
  • 1914 - 1918: Many human losses for Casamance in the First World War.
  • 1917 : The general governor Joost van Vollenhoven gives an unfavorable opinion with the principle of a new military recruitment in Casamance. The local populations are hostile there. We are not the Masters of Low Casamance. We are there only tolérés. (...) Diolas have just proven to us that their incoercible obstinacy is as difficult to overcome as a rebellion activates Us are unfortunately about disarmed in front of this kind of resistance. One would not indeed admit the use of weapons against an obstinate population which does not answer any of our injunctions to obey but which would take care well not to make the least gesture or to devote itself to a threatening demonstration. It is not the fear of the White which makes them act of the kind as they say it but the will stopped well not obeying us. And that lasts since we occupy the country, i.e. since 50 or 60 years environ.
  • 1918: Arrest of the priestess Alandiso.
  • 1920: Military repression with Bayotte for refusal to pay the taxes.
  • 1942 : Apogee of the worship of Kasila, furnace bridge of prayer for the rain according to the rite of Aline Sitoé Diatta, charismatic priestess, off-set without return for its civil influence.
  • 1943 : Set fire to and destruction of Efok by repressive measurement. The colonel Sajous accompanied by the sergeant chief Mandros, the army medical officer Raoul and the interpreter Tété Diédhiou implement a plan of arrest of the charismatic priestess Aline Sitoé Diatta at Kabrousse (Kabrus).
  • 1960 : Independence of Senegal.
  • 1982 : Alarm clock of the irredentism in Casamance making of the hundreds of victims in full day in the town of Ziguinchor. It gradually took the form of an armed conflict between the Mouvement of the democratic forces of Casamance (MFDC) and the capacity inherited the agreements of independence of 1960.
  • 2003: Death of Sidhi Badji, general secretary of the MFDC. Real negotiations for peace continue.
  • December 30th 2004: signature of an peace agreement between the president Abdoulaye Wade and the general secretary of the MFDC Augustin Diamacoune Senghor.
  • January 15th 2007: died of Augustin Diamacoune Senghor.

Economy

The area is before very agricultural. There are few infrastructures.

See too

Related articles

  • National park of Low-Casamance the
  • autonomous Mouvement casamançais, old political party

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